Liu Hao, Wang Hongyang, Feng Youhong, Yang Yan, Feng Cai, Li Junhua, Zaman Qamar Ur, Kong Yunxin, Fahad Shah, Deng Gang
School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, China.
Physiol Plant. 2025 Jan-Feb;177(1):e70081. doi: 10.1111/ppl.70081.
Regulating potato tuber dormancy is crucial for crop productivity and food security. We conducted the first comprehensive physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic investigations of two varieties of long and short dormant potato tubers in order to clarify the mechanisms of dormancy release. In the current study, three different dormant stages of UGT (ungerminated tubers), MGT (minimally germinated tubers), and GT (germinated tubers) were obtained by treatment with the germination promoter gibberellin A and the germination inhibitor chlorpropham. The results revealed that the contents of reducing reducing sugar, sucrase, glutamine synthetase, and nitrate reductase were increased in the dormancy release stages, whereas the contents of sucrose and starch were decreased, leading to a change in the phenotype of the potato tuber bud eyes. According to transcriptomic and metabolomic investigations, four metabolomic pathways were impacted by the dormancy release process. Zeatin biosynthesis was identified in both potato varieties in the dormant release stage (trans-zeatin riboside, isopentenyl adenosine, 5'-methylthioadenosine, IPT, CYP735A, CKX, and UGT73C); glutathione metabolism was identified in short-dormant potato varieties ((5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid, oxidized glutathione, GPX, IDH1, GGT1_5, and GST); and the pentose phosphate pathway (D-Xylulose 5-phosphate, ribose 1-phosphate, PGD, and RPIA) and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (caffeic acid, sinapine, CYP98A, and CSE) were identified in long-dormant potato varieties. In conclusion, the four pathways mentioned above involve DEGs and DEMs that are crucial to the control of tuber dormancy release. This work offers a theoretical foundation and useful recommendations for potato tuber quality improvement and molecular breeding.
调控马铃薯块茎休眠对作物生产力和粮食安全至关重要。我们对两种长短休眠期不同的马铃薯品种进行了首次全面的生理、转录组和代谢组学研究，以阐明休眠解除的机制。在本研究中，通过用发芽促进剂赤霉素A和发芽抑制剂氯苯胺灵处理，获得了未发芽块茎（UGT）、微发芽块茎（MGT）和发芽块茎（GT）三个不同的休眠阶段。结果表明，在休眠解除阶段，还原糖、蔗糖酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶和硝酸还原酶的含量增加，而蔗糖和淀粉的含量降低，导致马铃薯块茎芽眼的表型发生变化。根据转录组和代谢组学研究，四个代谢途径受休眠解除过程的影响。在休眠解除阶段的两个马铃薯品种中均鉴定出玉米素生物合成（反式玉米素核糖苷、异戊烯基腺苷、5'-甲硫基腺苷、IPT、CYP735A、CKX和UGT73C）；在短休眠马铃薯品种中鉴定出谷胱甘肽代谢（（5-L-谷氨酰基）-L-氨基酸、氧化型谷胱甘肽、GPX、IDH1、GGT1_5和GST）；在长休眠马铃薯品种中鉴定出戊糖磷酸途径（D-木酮糖5-磷酸、核糖1-磷酸、PGD和RPIA）和苯丙烷生物合成（咖啡酸、芥子碱、CYP98A和CSE）。总之，上述四个途径涉及对块茎休眠解除控制至关重要的差异表达基因（DEGs）和差异表达代谢物（DEMs）。这项工作为马铃薯块茎品质改良和分子育种提供了理论基础和有益建议。
