Yuan Qihang, Liu Jiahua, Wang Xinyu, Du Chunchun, Zhang Yao, Lin Lin, Wang Chengfang, Hong Zhijun
The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Int J Surg. 2025 Mar 1;111(3):2603-2612. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000002229.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor that originates from the epithelial cells of the colon and rectum. Global epidemiological data shows that in 2020, the incidence and mortality rate of CRC ranked third and second, respectively, posing a serious threat to people's health and lives. The factors influencing CRC are numerous and can be broadly categorized as modifiable and non-modifiable based on whether they can be managed or intervened upon. Non-modifiable factors include age, gender, family history, among others. Among the modifiable factors, dietary habits and behavioral practices are the main intervention measures that people can take to prevent CRC. Numerous studies indicate that a high intake of red and processed meats, fats, as well as habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and prolonged sitting, increase the risk of developing CRC. Conversely, consuming ample vegetables, fruits, high dietary fiber, and engaging in moderate regular exercise may reduce the risk of CRC. This article primarily discusses the impact of dietary habits and behavioral practices on the occurrence and development of CRC, along with possible mechanisms, laying the foundation and providing direction for the prevention and control of CRC occurrence and development.
结直肠癌（CRC）是一种起源于结肠和直肠上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤。全球流行病学数据显示，2020年，CRC的发病率和死亡率分别位居第三和第二，对人们的健康和生命构成严重威胁。影响CRC的因素众多，根据是否可以管理或干预，可大致分为可改变因素和不可改变因素。不可改变因素包括年龄、性别、家族史等。在可改变因素中，饮食习惯和行为习惯是人们预防CRC可以采取的主要干预措施。大量研究表明，大量摄入红肉和加工肉类、脂肪，以及吸烟、饮酒和久坐等习惯会增加患CRC的风险。相反，食用充足的蔬菜、水果、高膳食纤维，并进行适度的定期锻炼可能会降低患CRC的风险。本文主要探讨饮食习惯和行为习惯对CRC发生发展的影响以及可能的机制，为CRC发生发展的预防和控制奠定基础并提供方向。
