Górski Michał, Wilk Adrian, Pastuszak Anna, Starczewski Michał, Michalak Bartłomiej, Lane Michael T, Buśko Krzysztof
Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Sport - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Physiology, Institute of Sport - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Acta Bioeng Biomech. 2025 Jan 27;26(3):13-23. doi: 10.37190/abb-02470-2024-02. Print 2024 Sep 1.
Soccer is a sport being performed in a very dynamic manner. It requires soccer players to be able to develop high muscle force in a very short period of time. The aim of the study was to evaluate the strength and jumping abilities of young soccer players playing in different positions on the field. The study included 49 adolescent soccer players: 6 goalkeepers, 15 defenders, 17 midfielders and 11 strikers. We measured peak torques (PT), total work (TW), and average power (AP) developed by the knee flexors and extensors under isokinetic conditions at angular velocities of 60°⋅s, 180°⋅s and 300°⋅s on a Biodex dynamometer, and jump height () and maximum power ( ) on a force plate. PT, AP, TW, and scores were normalized relative to body mass. There were no statistically significant differences between measurements of basic somatic characteristics (body height and body weight), age and biological age as well as PT, AP, TW, H, and in players from different positions on the field. Unlike defenders, midfielders showed a significant correlation of isokinetic tests indices with jump height ( = 0.54÷0.84) and maximum relative power ( = 0.55÷0.76). The differences in correlations are probably due to the different tasks and activities that players in different positions on the field perform during the game.
足球是一项极具活力的运动。它要求足球运动员能够在极短时间内产生强大的肌肉力量。本研究的目的是评估在场上不同位置踢球的年轻足球运动员的力量和跳跃能力。该研究纳入了49名青少年足球运动员：6名守门员、15名后卫、17名中场球员和11名前锋。我们在Biodex测力计上，于60°·s、180°·s和300°·s的角速度下，测量了膝关节屈伸肌在等速条件下产生的峰值扭矩（PT）、总功（TW）和平均功率（AP），并在测力板上测量了跳跃高度（）和最大功率（）。PT、AP、TW和得分相对于体重进行了标准化。场上不同位置球员的基本身体特征（身高和体重）、年龄和生物年龄以及PT、AP、TW、H和的测量结果之间，没有统计学上的显著差异。与后卫不同，中场球员的等速测试指标与跳跃高度（=0.54÷0.84）和最大相对功率（=0.55÷0.76）之间存在显著相关性。相关性的差异可能是由于场上不同位置的球员在比赛中执行的任务和活动不同。
