Yin Chuntao, Lahr Nathan, Sutradhar Apurba K, Osborne Shannon L, Lehman R Michael, Schneider Sharon K
North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Brookings, SD 57006, U.S.A.
Plant Dis. 2025 Jul;109(7):1541-1550. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-09-24-1953-RE. Epub 2025 Jul 23.
Soilborne diseases are persistent problems in soybean production. Long-term crop rotation can contribute to soilborne disease management. However, the response of soilborne pathogens to crop rotation is inconsistent, and rotation efficacy is highly variable. Selection of proper crop plants and crop sequences for disease management is needed. In this research, the effects of crop rotation on soybean soilborne pathogens were evaluated in a long-term no-till crop rotation field trial in South Dakota. Five rotation treatments were evaluated in this field trial, including corn-soybean ( L., [L.] Merr.), corn-soybean-spring wheat-pea (wheat: L., pea: subsp. [L.] Asch.), corn-soybean-spring wheat-sunflower (sunflower: L.), corn-oat-winter wheat-soybean (oat: L.), and corn-pea-winter wheat-soybean (CPWwS). Six soilborne pathogens that consistently threaten U.S. soybean production were quantified in the field soils using quantitative PCR or egg extraction for soybean cyst nematode. Three soilborne pathogens, , , and , were detected, whereas the population density of and was not measurable in the soil samples. The number of soybean cyst nematode eggs or juveniles was zero or very low in all soil samples. Overall, crop rotation treatments affected the population density of three detected pathogens but varied by crop phase, year, and pathogen species. The population density of three detected pathogens was positively correlated with soil temperature but negatively correlated with soil volumetric water content. Notably, the CPWwS rotation treatment had a consistently lower population compared with the other rotation treatments, regardless of crop phase and year. This study provided potential crop sequences that limit soilborne pathogen populations in the soil and may reduce disease incidence on the host crops.
土传病害是大豆生产中持续存在的问题。长期作物轮作有助于土传病害管理。然而，土传病原菌对作物轮作的反应并不一致，轮作效果差异很大。因此需要选择合适的作物和作物轮作顺序来进行病害管理。本研究在南达科他州的一个长期免耕作物轮作田间试验中，评估了作物轮作对大豆土传病原菌的影响。该田间试验评估了五种轮作处理，包括玉米-大豆（大豆：Glycine max (L.) Merr.）、玉米-大豆-春小麦-豌豆（小麦：Triticum aestivum L.，豌豆：Pisum sativum subsp. sativum [L.] Asch.）、玉米-大豆-春小麦-向日葵（向日葵：Helianthus annuus L.）、玉米-燕麦-冬小麦-大豆（燕麦：Avena sativa L.）以及玉米-豌豆-冬小麦-大豆（CPWwS）。使用定量PCR或大豆胞囊线虫卵提取法，对田间土壤中六种持续威胁美国大豆生产的土传病原菌进行了定量分析。检测到三种土传病原菌，分别为[具体病原菌名称1]、[具体病原菌名称2]和[具体病原菌名称3]，而土壤样品中[另外两种病原菌名称]的种群密度无法测量。所有土壤样品中大豆胞囊线虫卵或幼虫的数量为零或非常低。总体而言，作物轮作处理影响了三种检测到的病原菌的种群密度，但因作物生长阶段、年份和病原菌种类而异。三种检测到的病原菌的种群密度与土壤温度呈正相关，但与土壤体积含水量呈负相关。值得注意的是，无论作物生长阶段和年份如何，CPWwS轮作处理的[具体病原菌名称]种群数量始终低于其他轮作处理。本研究提供了一些潜在的作物轮作顺序，这些顺序可以限制土壤中土传病原菌的种群数量，并可能降低寄主作物上的病害发生率。
