McPeak Sloane, Gordon Kara, Lawaju Bisho, Lawrence Kathy
559 Devall Dr. CASIC Building, Auburn Univ, AL 36849.
J Nematol. 2025 Jun 21;57(1):20250021. doi: 10.2478/jofnem-2025-0021. eCollection 2025 Feb.
This experiment investigates five small grain winter cover crops including multiple genotypes of barley ( L), oats ( L.), rye ( L.), triticale (x Wittmack), and wheat ( L.) as a sustainable nematode management strategy for (root-knot nematode) and (reniform nematode) in cotton production in a Southeastern U.S. Greenhouse (2019), and field experiments (2019-2021) evaluated these crops for nematode host status, forage quality, and grain yield. Greenhouse experiments showed that all small grains had higher average egg counts than a standard corn (Zea mays L.) variety. Overall, barley and wheat were suitable hosts (Rf>2), triticale and oat were moderate hosts (Rf=1-2), while three cultivars (Forerunner' and 'OG170039' triticale, "ORO 4372' oat) were poor hosts (Rf<1). In field trials, oat had the highest biomass and grain yield, followed by triticale, barley, rye, and wheat. Barley supported the highest population density of . Oat, barley, and rye displayed similar population density of and were greater than triticale and wheat. Forage quality experiments showed oat with the highest biomass, wheat with the highest crude protein, and rye and triticale leading in fiber content. Oats had the greatest total digestible nutrients (TDN) and relative feed value (RFV), indicating superior digestibility. All small grains demonstrated high forage quality (RFV>100). Cover crop selection should be based on specific management and agronomic goals as nematode populations varied by cover crop but were low in all field trials. Further research on crop-specific responses and long-term effects on nematode populations and soil health is needed to optimize small grain winter cover crops in integrated pest management programs.
本实验研究了五种小粒冬季覆盖作物，包括多种基因型的大麦（L.）、燕麦（L.）、黑麦（L.）、小黑麦（x Wittmack）和小麦（L.），作为美国东南部棉花生产中根结线虫和肾形线虫的一种可持续线虫管理策略。2019年在美国东南部温室进行了实验，2019 - 2021年进行了田间试验，评估了这些作物的线虫寄主状况、饲料质量和谷物产量。温室实验表明，所有小粒作物的平均根结线虫卵数均高于标准玉米（Zea mays L.）品种。总体而言，大麦和小麦是适宜寄主（相对繁殖系数>2），小黑麦和燕麦是中度寄主（相对繁殖系数=1 - 2），而三个品种（‘先驱者’和‘OG170039’小黑麦、‘ORO 4372’燕麦）是不良寄主（相对繁殖系数<1）。在田间试验中，燕麦的生物量和谷物产量最高，其次是小黑麦、大麦、黑麦和小麦。大麦上的根结线虫种群密度最高。燕麦、大麦和黑麦上的肾形线虫种群密度相似，且高于小黑麦和小麦。饲料质量实验表明，燕麦的生物量最高，小麦的粗蛋白含量最高，黑麦和小黑麦的纤维含量领先。燕麦的总可消化养分（TDN）和相对饲料价值（RFV）最高，表明其消化率优越。所有小粒作物都表现出较高的饲料质量（RFV>100）。由于线虫种群因覆盖作物而异，但在所有田间试验中都较低，因此覆盖作物的选择应基于特定的管理和农艺目标。需要进一步研究作物的特定反应以及对线虫种群和土壤健康的长期影响，以优化综合害虫管理计划中的小粒冬季覆盖作物。
