Management of Stent Underexpansion and Aorto-ostial Lesions.

Stent underexpansion (SU) and aorto-ostial lesions (AOL) are challenging conditions commonly faced during clinical practice in the setting of percutaneous coronary interventions. Compared to other interventional settings, both SU and AOL are associated with an increased risk of immediate and late events following percutaneous coronary intervention. Several specific strategies including the systematic use of intracoronary imaging and dedicated techniques for lesions' preparation and calcium debulking have been described. This narrative review summarises the currently available options for the diagnosis and treatment of both SU and AOL, highlighting the potential benefits and limits of each technique in these specific settings.