Zhang Zhuo, Bian Ying
School of Health Services Management, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2025 Jan 13;16:1495694. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1495694. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to explore the rationality of the social networks-depression-cognitive impairment pathway and to provide recommendations for the development of mild cognitive impairment intervention strategies.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2021. Sixteen urban communities in Xi 'an, Shaanxi China were selected as sample sites. The cognitive function, social networks and depression were measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 (LSNS-6) and the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), respectively. The generalized linear model was used to analysis the impact of social networks on cognitive impairment, and further analysis the mediating effect of depression.
A total of 745 elderly people aged 60 and above was included in this survey, with an average age of 68.90 ± 6.00 years. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 18.52%, and the prevalence of cognitive impairment increased with age. According to the generalized linear model, poor social networks (relative network, friend network) was associated with higher risk of cognitive impairment (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.27-3.41), and this association was more significant in women and older adults <70 years of age. Mediation analysis results showed that depression was the mediating path between social networks and cognitive impairment, with the indirect effects accounting for 34.44%.
Social isolation increases the risk of cognitive impairment and depression has a significant mediating effect on the relationship between social isolation and cognitive impairment.
本研究旨在探讨社交网络-抑郁-认知障碍途径的合理性，并为轻度认知障碍干预策略的制定提供建议。
于2021年进行横断面调查。选取中国陕西西安的16个城市社区作为样本点。分别采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）、鲁本社会网络量表-6（LSNS-6）和老年抑郁量表-15（GDS-15）测量认知功能、社交网络和抑郁情况。采用广义线性模型分析社交网络对认知障碍的影响，并进一步分析抑郁的中介作用。
本调查共纳入745名60岁及以上老年人，平均年龄为68.90±6.00岁。认知障碍患病率为18.52%，且认知障碍患病率随年龄增长而增加。根据广义线性模型，社交网络较差（亲属网络、朋友网络）与认知障碍风险较高相关（OR = 2.08，95%CI：1.27 - 3.41），且这种关联在女性和70岁以下老年人中更为显著。中介分析结果显示，抑郁是社交网络与认知障碍之间的中介路径，间接效应占34.44%。
社会隔离会增加认知障碍风险，且抑郁在社会隔离与认知障碍的关系中具有显著的中介作用。
