Chen Hong, Deng Yongmei, Li Xuan, Ding Aicong, Wang Jiamei, Sun Ai, Tu Houmian, Qiao Yuchen
Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
Department of Neurology, Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100071, China.
BMC Neurol. 2025 Apr 17;25(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s12883-025-04183-8.
A healthy lifestyle has been shown to mitigate cognitive decline in patients with mild cognitive impairment, with family caregivers playing a pivotal role in the patients' lifestyle management. Exploring the level of dementia risk reduction lifestyle and the influencing factors at both the patient and caregiver levels in patients with mild cognitive impairment is crucial for identifying strategies to improve patients' lifestyles and delay disease progression.
Using a convenience sampling method, 302 patients with mild cognitive impairment and their family caregivers admitted to the neurology departments of four tertiary care hospitals in China, from December 2024 to February 2025 were recruited and surveyed using a general information questionnaire, the Dementia Risk Reduction Lifestyle Scale (DRRLS), the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviors for Dementia Risk Reduction scale (MCLHB-DRR), the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and the Mutuality Scale (MS). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the dementia risk reduction lifestyle of patients.
DRRLS score of 83.61 ± 16.13, multiple linear regression showed that the patient's monthly individual income, the presence of chronic disease, health beliefs, and social support were independent influences on their dementia risk reduction lifestyle. Furthermore, the lifestyle and mutuality of family caregivers were also independent influences on dementia risk reduction lifestyle in patients. The final model explained 75.5% of the variance in the lifestyle.
Patients with mild cognitive impairment have a general level of dementia risk reduction lifestyle. The characteristics of both patients and caregivers collectively influence the patients' lifestyle. Healthcare providers should conduct early dyadic assessments and develop targeted dyadic intervention strategies based on influencing factors to improve patients' lifestyles and help them delay disease progression.
健康的生活方式已被证明可减轻轻度认知障碍患者的认知衰退，家庭照顾者在患者的生活方式管理中起着关键作用。探索轻度认知障碍患者及其照顾者层面的降低痴呆风险生活方式水平及其影响因素，对于确定改善患者生活方式和延缓疾病进展的策略至关重要。
采用便利抽样法，招募了2024年12月至2025年2月在中国四家三级甲等医院神经科住院的302例轻度认知障碍患者及其家庭照顾者，并使用一般信息问卷、降低痴呆风险生活方式量表（DRRLS）、降低痴呆风险改变生活方式和健康行为动机量表（MCLHB-DRR）、感知社会支持量表（PSSS）和相互性量表（MS）进行调查。采用多元线性回归分析影响患者降低痴呆风险生活方式的因素。
DRRLS评分为83.61±16.13，多元线性回归显示，患者的月个人收入、慢性病的存在、健康信念和社会支持是其降低痴呆风险生活方式的独立影响因素。此外，家庭照顾者的生活方式和相互性也是患者降低痴呆风险生活方式的独立影响因素。最终模型解释了生活方式变异的75.5%。
轻度认知障碍患者的降低痴呆风险生活方式总体水平一般。患者和照顾者的特征共同影响患者的生活方式。医疗保健提供者应进行早期二元评估，并根据影响因素制定有针对性的二元干预策略，以改善患者的生活方式，帮助他们延缓疾病进展。
