Nicheperovich Alina, Schuster-Böckler Benjamin, Ní Leathlobhair Máire
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
Department of Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin D02 VF25, Ireland.
Dis Model Mech. 2025 Jan 1;18(1). doi: 10.1242/dmm.052010. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) describes a group of rare benign and cancerous lesions originating from the trophoblast cells of the placenta. These neoplasms are unconventional entities, being one of the few instances in which cancer develops from the cells of another organism, the foetus. Although this condition was first described over 100 years ago, the specific genetic and non-genetic drivers of this disease remain unknown to this day. However, recent findings have provided valuable insights into the potential mechanisms underlying this rare condition. Unlike previous reviews focused primarily on the clinical and diagnostic aspects of disease development, this Review consolidates the latest research concerning the role of genetics, epigenetics and microRNAs in the initiation and progression of GTD. By examining GTD from a molecular perspective, this Review provides a unique framework for understanding the pathogenesis and progression of this rare disease.
妊娠滋养细胞疾病（GTD）是指一组起源于胎盘滋养层细胞的罕见的良性和恶性病变。这些肿瘤是非常规的实体，是癌症从另一个生物体（胎儿）的细胞发展而来的少数情况之一。尽管这种疾病在100多年前就首次被描述，但至今仍不清楚这种疾病的具体遗传和非遗传驱动因素。然而，最近的研究结果为这种罕见疾病的潜在机制提供了有价值的见解。与以往主要关注疾病发展的临床和诊断方面的综述不同，本综述整合了关于遗传学、表观遗传学和微小RNA在GTD发生和发展中的作用的最新研究。通过从分子角度研究GTD，本综述为理解这种罕见疾病的发病机制和进展提供了一个独特的框架。
