Abouzid Mohamed, Kruszyna Łukasz, Kerner Julia, Kagan Leonid, Mikulska-Sauermann Aniceta, Filipowicz Dorota, Resztak Matylda, Główka Franciszek Krzysztof, Karaźniewicz-Łada Marta
Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.
Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70 Street, 60-812 Poznan, Poland.
Biosci Rep. 2025 Jan 27;45(2):BSR20241558. doi: 10.1042/BSR20241558.
Roughly 90% of the Polish population experiences vitamin D deficiency. The 3-epi-25(OH)D2 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 are stereoisomers of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3, and they can inadvertently be included in measurements of 25(OH)D levels, potentially leading to its overestimating. We aimed to measure 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3, their epimers 3-epi-25(OH)D2 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3, and biologically active 1,25(OH)2D3 in patients with cardiovascular disease and healthy volunteers. We enrolled 27 adult patients with cardiovascular disease (64 ± 15 years) and 35 healthy volunteers (36.37 ± 12.29 years). We used a validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to measure 25(OH)D2/3 concentrations and their epimers. Plasma concentrations of 1α,25(OH)2D3 were determined by sensitive and quantitative enzyme immunoassay following intra- and inter-day validation. Vitamin D insufficiency was observed in approximately 52% of the patients and 37% of healthy volunteers. Comparable levels of 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2 were seen in both groups. The observed levels of the epimeric form 3-epi-25(OH)D3 appeared approximately 1.7 times higher in healthy volunteers, accounting for 9% misclassified according to vitamin D status. Also, patients had lower concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3, and their 3-epi-25(OH)D2 levels were below the detection limit (2 ng/mL). In all studied subjects, 25(OH)D3 was negatively correlated with % 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (R=-0.758; P<0.001), and 3-epi-25(OH)D2 was negatively correlated with % 3-epi-25(OH)D2 (R = -0.842; P = 0.002). While the mechanism of how vitamin D epimeric forms influence diseases remains unclear, we recommend maintaining 25(OH)D3 levels above 20 ng/mL.
大约90%的波兰人口存在维生素D缺乏的情况。3-表-25(OH)D2和3-表-25(OH)D3是25(OH)D2和25(OH)D3的立体异构体，它们可能会在不经意间被纳入25(OH)D水平的测量中，从而可能导致其被高估。我们旨在测量心血管疾病患者和健康志愿者体内的25(OH)D2、25(OH)D3、它们的差向异构体3-表-25(OH)D2和3-表-25(OH)D3，以及具有生物活性的1,25(OH)2D3。我们招募了27名成年心血管疾病患者（64±15岁）和35名健康志愿者（36.37±12.29岁）。我们使用经过验证的超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）方法来测量25(OH)D2/3浓度及其差向异构体。通过敏感且定量的酶免疫测定法在日内和日间验证后测定血浆中1α,25(OH)2D3的浓度。在大约52%的患者和37%的健康志愿者中观察到维生素D不足。两组中25(OH)D3和25(OH)D2的水平相当。在健康志愿者中观察到的差向异构体形式3-表-25(OH)D3的水平似乎高出约1.7倍，根据维生素D状态有9%的分类错误。此外，患者的1,25(OH)2D3浓度较低，且他们的3-表-25(OH)D2水平低于检测限（2 ng/mL）。在所有研究对象中，25(OH)D3与3-表-25(OH)D3的百分比呈负相关（R = -0.758；P<0.001），3-表-25(OH)D2与3-表-25(OH)D2的百分比呈负相关（R = -0.842；P = 0.002）。虽然维生素D差向异构体形式影响疾病的机制尚不清楚，但我们建议将25(OH)D3水平维持在20 ng/mL以上。
