Xu Liansheng, Shen Fei, Fan Fan, Wu Qiong, Wang Li, Li Fengji, Fan Yubo, Niu Haijun
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
Phys Eng Sci Med. 2025 Mar;48(1):369-378. doi: 10.1007/s13246-025-01519-z. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) achieves its therapeutic purpose mainly through the biological effects produced by the interaction of shock waves with tissues, and the accurate measurement and calculation of the mechanical parameters of shock waves in tissues are of great significance in formulating the therapeutic strategy and evaluating the therapeutic effect. This study utilizes the approach of implanting flexible polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) vibration sensors inside the tissue-mimicking phantom of various thicknesses to capture waveforms at different depths during the impact process in real time. Parameters including positive and negative pressure changes (P, P), pulse wave rise time ([Formula: see text]), and energy flux density (EFD) are calculated, and frequency spectrum analysis of the waveforms is conducted. The dynamic response, propagation process, and attenuation law of the shock wave in the phantom under different impact intensities were analyzed. Results showed that flexible PVDF sensors could precisely acquire the characteristics of pulse waveform propagating within the phantom. At the same depth, as the driving pressure increases, P and P increase linearly, and [Formula: see text] remains constant. At the same driving pressure, P, P, and EFD decay exponentially with increasing propagation depth. At the same depth, the spectra of pulse waveforms are similar, and the increasing driving pressure does not cause significant changes in carrier frequency and modulation frequency. The research findings could provide a reference for developing ESWT devices, improving treatment strategies, and enhancing the safety of clinical applications.
体外冲击波疗法（ESWT）主要通过冲击波与组织相互作用产生的生物学效应来实现其治疗目的，准确测量和计算组织中冲击波的力学参数对于制定治疗策略和评估治疗效果具有重要意义。本研究采用在不同厚度的组织模拟体模内部植入柔性聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）振动传感器的方法，以实时捕捉冲击过程中不同深度处的波形。计算包括正负压力变化（P、P）、脉搏波上升时间（[公式：见原文]）和能量通量密度（EFD）等参数，并对波形进行频谱分析。分析了不同冲击强度下体模中冲击波的动态响应、传播过程和衰减规律。结果表明，柔性PVDF传感器能够精确获取体模内传播的脉冲波形特征。在相同深度下，随着驱动压力的增加，P和P呈线性增加，而[公式：见原文]保持不变。在相同驱动压力下，P、P和EFD随传播深度增加呈指数衰减。在相同深度下，脉冲波形的频谱相似，驱动压力的增加不会导致载波频率和调制频率发生显著变化。研究结果可为开发ESWT设备、改进治疗策略和提高临床应用安全性提供参考。
