Chen Moxin, Shu Qin, Li Fang, Li Lin, Fan Xianqun
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2025 Jan 26:100161. doi: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100161.
Myopia stands as a prevalent ocular condition with global implications, impacting individuals at various life stages. In school-age children and adolescents, uncorrected myopia impedes reading and academic performance. Among middle-aged and elderly populations, myopia poses severe risks such as macular degeneration, macular holes and retinal detachment, leading to irreversible visual impairment. The term "myopia management" is widely embraced by ophthalmic practitioners and optometry associations worldwide, encompassing strategies to correct refractive errors and ongoing assessment of disease progression, aiming to reduce the progression of myopia and axial elongation. To date, current management strategies for myopia include public health policies, optical solutions, medical interventions and surgical options, but these interventions are general and lack age specificity. Despite existing interventions, we propose the concept of "Whole Life Cycle Myopia Management" in this review. This approach outlined major risk factors of myopia through the whole life cycle, discussed current interventions for myopia and provided age-specific management strategies for myopia of eight different life stages-infancies, toddlers, preschoolers, school-age children, adolescents, young adults, middle-age and old-age, including the prevention of myopia onset, slowing of myopia progression and monitoring of myopia complications. Achieving the "Whole Life Cycle Myopia Management" requires collaborations efforts from government, schools, hospitals and families, to restore vision and enhance the quality of life for those individuals affected by myopia.
近视是一种普遍存在的眼部疾病，具有全球影响，影响着各个生命阶段的个体。在学龄儿童和青少年中，未矫正的近视会妨碍阅读和学业表现。在中年和老年人群中，近视会带来诸如黄斑变性、黄斑裂孔和视网膜脱离等严重风险，导致不可逆转的视力损害。“近视管理”一词被全球眼科医生和验光协会广泛接受，包括矫正屈光不正的策略和对疾病进展的持续评估，旨在减少近视进展和眼轴伸长。迄今为止，目前的近视管理策略包括公共卫生政策、光学解决方案、医学干预和手术选择，但这些干预措施较为笼统，缺乏年龄特异性。尽管存在现有干预措施，但我们在本综述中提出了“全生命周期近视管理”的概念。这种方法概述了整个生命周期中近视的主要危险因素，讨论了当前的近视干预措施，并为八个不同生命阶段——婴儿期、幼儿期、学龄前儿童、学龄儿童、青少年、青年、中年和老年——的近视提供了针对特定年龄的管理策略，包括预防近视发生、减缓近视进展以及监测近视并发症。实现“全生命周期近视管理”需要政府、学校、医院和家庭的共同努力，以恢复受近视影响个体的视力并提高其生活质量。
