Zhu Zhaolu, Bo Dexin, Xie Chuanshuai, Dai Dadong, Peng Donghai, Sun Ming, Zheng Jinshui
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Commun Biol. 2025 Jan 28;8(1):140. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-07533-x.
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) of the genus Meloidogyne pose the most significant threats to global food security due to their destructive nature as plant-parasitic nematodes. Although significant attention has been devoted to investigating the gene transcription profiling of RKNs, our understanding of the translational landscape of RKNs remains limited. In this study, we elucidated the translational landscape of Meloidogyne incognita through the integration of translatome, transcriptome and quantitative proteome analyses. Our findings revealed numerous previously unannotated translation events and refined the genome annotation. By investigating the genome-wide translational dynamics of M. incognita during parasitism, we revealed that the genes of M. incognita undergo parasitic stage-specific regulation at the translational level. Interestingly, we identified 470 micropeptides (containing fewer than 100 amino acids) with the potential to function as effectors. Additionally, we observed that the effector-coding genes in M. incognita exhibit higher translation efficiency (TE). Further analysis suggests that M. incognita has the potential to regulate the TE of effector-coding genes without simultaneous alterations in their transcript abundance, facilitating effector synthesis. Collectively, our study provides comprehensive datasets and explores the genome-wide translational landscape of M. incognita, shedding light on the contributions of translational regulation during parasitism.
根结线虫属的根结线虫（RKNs）作为植物寄生线虫，具有破坏性，对全球粮食安全构成了最重大的威胁。尽管人们已投入大量精力研究根结线虫的基因转录谱，但我们对根结线虫翻译图谱的了解仍然有限。在本研究中，我们通过整合翻译组、转录组和定量蛋白质组分析，阐明了南方根结线虫的翻译图谱。我们的研究结果揭示了许多以前未注释的翻译事件，并完善了基因组注释。通过研究南方根结线虫在寄生过程中的全基因组翻译动态，我们发现南方根结线虫的基因在翻译水平上经历寄生阶段特异性调控。有趣的是，我们鉴定出470个具有效应子功能潜力的微肽（含少于100个氨基酸）。此外，我们观察到南方根结线虫中效应子编码基因表现出更高的翻译效率（TE）。进一步分析表明，南方根结线虫有可能在不改变效应子编码基因转录丰度的情况下调节其翻译效率，从而促进效应子的合成。总的来说，我们的研究提供了全面的数据集，并探索了南方根结线虫的全基因组翻译图谱，揭示了寄生过程中翻译调控的作用。
