Zhang Zhan, Zong Xiaonan, Liu Zhaohui, Dong Xiaoyu, Bai Huihui, Fan Linyuan, Li Ting
The Gynecology Department of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.251 of Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, China.
The Gynecology Department of Hebei Province Chest Hospital, No.372 of Shengli North Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2025 Jan 28;25(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12866-025-03767-1.
Tuberculosis remains an infectious disease of global concern, with potential impacts on respiratory and intestinal microbiota owing to prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Despite its potential to cause infertility, the vaginal microbiota of women with genital tuberculosis remains poorly understood. We comprehensively analyzed the vaginal microbiota in Chinese women with genital tuberculosis.
We recruited women with pelvic (n = 28), endometrial (n = 16), and pulmonary (n = 12) tuberculosis as the research group, and healthy women (n = 11) as the control group. Vaginal discharges were collected for metagenomic analysis of its microbiota. The alpha diversity of the vaginal microbiota in women with genital tuberculosis was slightly higher than that in healthy women, though the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.23). Similarly, no significant differences in alpha diversity were observed between women with genital and pulmonary tuberculosis (P = 0.82) or between those with pelvic and endometrial tuberculosis (P = 0.82). Notably, the lowest alpha diversity was recorded six months to one year after initiating anti-tuberculosis treatment, with this decline being statistically significant (P = 0.023). The dominance of Lactobacillus iners in the vaginal microbiota was more common in women with genital tuberculosis than that of Lactobacillus crispatus. Furthermore, the abundance of short-chain fatty acid -producing anaerobes, such as Actinomycetes, Streptococcus, and Finegoldia, were significantly increased. Short-chain fatty acid precursor pathways, including the ko03010 ribosome pathway, ko00970 aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis, ko00230 purine metabolism, ko00240 pyrimidine metabolism, and ko00010 glycolysis gluconeogenesis pathway, were significantly upregulated in women with endometrial tuberculosis.
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, particularly genital tuberculosis and its associated vaginal dysbiosis impacts female fecundity. Vaginal dysbiosis is more pronounced when M. tuberculosis invades the endometrium. Given the effect of antibiotics on vaginal flora, probiotic combined interventions could be used as a future research direction.
Not applicable.
结核病仍然是一个全球关注的传染病，长期使用广谱抗生素治疗可能会对呼吸道和肠道微生物群产生影响。尽管生殖器结核可能导致不孕，但对患有生殖器结核的女性的阴道微生物群仍知之甚少。我们全面分析了中国患有生殖器结核的女性的阴道微生物群。
我们招募了患有盆腔结核（n = 28）、子宫内膜结核（n = 16）和肺结核（n = 12）的女性作为研究组，以及健康女性（n = 11）作为对照组。收集阴道分泌物进行微生物群的宏基因组分析。患有生殖器结核的女性阴道微生物群的α多样性略高于健康女性，尽管差异无统计学意义（P = 0.23）。同样，患有生殖器结核和肺结核的女性之间（P = 0.82）或患有盆腔结核和子宫内膜结核的女性之间（P = 0.82），α多样性也未观察到显著差异。值得注意的是，在开始抗结核治疗6个月至1年后，α多样性最低，这种下降具有统计学意义（P = 0.023）。惰性乳杆菌在患有生殖器结核的女性阴道微生物群中的优势比卷曲乳杆菌更为常见。此外，产生短链脂肪酸的厌氧菌，如放线菌、链球菌和费氏菌的丰度显著增加。在患有子宫内膜结核的女性中，包括ko03010核糖体途径、ko00970氨酰-tRNA合成、ko00230嘌呤代谢、ko00240嘧啶代谢和ko00010糖酵解糖异生途径在内的短链脂肪酸前体途径显著上调。
肺外结核，特别是生殖器结核及其相关的阴道生态失调会影响女性生育能力。当结核分枝杆菌侵入子宫内膜时，阴道生态失调更为明显。考虑到抗生素对阴道菌群的影响，益生菌联合干预可作为未来的研究方向。
不适用。
