Mao Jieyu, Niu Zhili, Liu Mengling, Li Liangyu, Zhang Haiyue, Li Ruiyun, Zhang Pingan, Wu Xiaojun
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Jan 28;25(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-05435-9.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M pneumoniae, MP) is a common pathogen causing respiratory tract infections, particularly in children. In 2023, a resurgence of MP epidemics was observed in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. This study aims to examine the epidemiological trends and clinical characteristics of MP infections among children in Wuhan from 2018 to 2024, providing valuable scientific evidence to guide local prevention strategies.
From January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2024, samples were collected from children under 14 years with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTI) at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. MP infections were diagnosed through MP-IgM antibody detection and MP-DNA detection. Results were analyzed and compared across distinct epidemic periods.
Of the 183 626 ARTI children, 57 393 (31.26%) tested positive for MP, with an average age of 4.87 ± 2.99 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1.12:1. The annual positive rates from 2018 to 2024 were 45.92%, 32.23%, 22.84%, 16.22%, 16.26%, and 42.93%, respectively. Across the study period, the highest positive rate was recored in autumn (35.13%, P < 0.05). Two distinct MP outbreaks were identified, in 2018-2019 and 2023. Significant differences were observed between the two outbreaks. The 2018-2019 epidemic peaked in summer, while the 2023 epidemic peaked in November and persisted into February 2024. By age, the 2018-2019 outbreaks predominantly affected pre-school children, whereas the 2023 outbreaks mainly involved school-aged children. In boths outbreaks, girls had higher positive rates. Antibody and DNA testing results followed similar trends.
This study highlights the epidemiological trends and clinical characteristics of MP infections in Wuhan from 2018 to 2024, including two distinct outbreaks with differing seasonal patterns. The MP strain in 2023 appeared to predominantly affect older children.The trends observed suggest that MP infections may persist into the winter of 2024. Enhanced surveillance of respiratory pathogens and early diagnosis and prevention of MP infections in children remain critical in this region.
肺炎支原体（M pneumoniae，MP）是引起呼吸道感染的常见病原体，尤其在儿童中。2023年，中国湖北省武汉市出现了MP疫情的再度流行。本研究旨在调查2018年至2024年武汉市儿童MP感染的流行病学趋势和临床特征，为指导当地预防策略提供有价值的科学依据。
2018年1月1日至2024年6月30日，从武汉大学人民医院收集14岁以下急性呼吸道感染（ARTI）儿童的样本。通过MP-IgM抗体检测和MP-DNA检测诊断MP感染。对不同流行时期的结果进行分析和比较。
在183626例ARTI儿童中，57393例（31.26%）MP检测呈阳性，平均年龄为4.87±2.99岁，男女比例为1.12:1。2018年至2024年的年阳性率分别为45.92%、32.23%、22.84%、16.22%、16.26%和42.93%。在整个研究期间，秋季的阳性率最高（35.13%，P<0.05）。确定了两次不同的MP疫情爆发，分别在2018 - 2019年和2023年。两次疫情爆发之间存在显著差异。2018 - 2019年的疫情在夏季达到高峰，而2023年的疫情在11月达到高峰并持续到2024年2月。按年龄划分，2018 - 2019年的疫情主要影响学龄前儿童，而2023年的疫情主要涉及学龄儿童。在两次疫情中，女孩的阳性率更高。抗体和DNA检测结果呈现相似趋势。
本研究突出了2018年至2024年武汉市MP感染的流行病学趋势和临床特征，包括两次具有不同季节性模式的不同疫情爆发。2023年的MP菌株似乎主要影响年龄较大的儿童。观察到的趋势表明MP感染可能会持续到2024年冬季。加强对呼吸道病原体的监测以及对儿童MP感染的早期诊断和预防在该地区仍然至关重要。
