Peng T L, Yahya S N C, Mohamed M, Hamdan R H, Shean C S, Okene I A, Sani N I M, Mohamad N F A, Syazwan S A, Onyiche T E
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chape. 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Sharjah Men Campus, United Arab Emirates.
Trop Biomed. 2024 Dec 1;41(4):404-411. doi: 10.47665/tb.41.S.004.
Anaplasma species are obligate rickettsial intraerythrocytic pathogens that cause an important tick-borne disease of economic importance in livestock production in many countries. Anaplasma species have been detected from farm animals worldwide, there is a paucity of information on Anaplasma infections in goats from Malaysia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the infection rate and identify Anaplasma species and some selected risk factors in goats across selected districts in Kelantan, Malaysia. A total of 411 blood samples were collected from goats and analysed for Anaplasma species targeting the msp4 gene using conventional PCR and sequencing. The infection risk was determined by breed, age, management system and location. Our results indicate an overall infection rate of 30.9% for Anaplasma species detected. Interestingly, sequencing of selected amplicons revealed the presence of Anaplasma ovis and A. marginale. Data analysis revealed a marked statistically significant association between Anaplasma infection and some variables such as location (district), farm management system, breed, and age (P < 0.05). Specifically, goats raised on intensive management had the highest prevalence of 46.25% (37/80) compared to other management types. Also, with regards to district, goats raised in the coastal region had a higher prevalence of 39.23% (71/181) compared to those raised in inland region 24.35% (56/230). Regarding breed, goats that were of the pure breed had a higher prevalence of Anaplasma species infection 38.19% (97/254) compared to crossbreeds with a prevalence of 19.11% (30/157). Lastly, goats 3 years had the least prevalence 18.99% (34/179). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of A. marginale and A. ovis in goats from northeastern Peninsular Malaysia. The infected goats were clinically healthy; this revealed the role of goats as a potential reservoir for A. marginale and the presence of A. ovis in goats in Malaysia. Continuous efforts towards tick control must be sustained to ensure high productive yield and reduced disease burden associated with TBPs of goats in the study area.
无形体属是专性细胞内立克次氏体病原体，在许多国家的家畜生产中引发一种具有重要经济意义的蜱传疾病。世界各地的农场动物中均已检测到无形体属，但关于马来西亚山羊无形体感染的信息却很少。因此，本研究旨在评估马来西亚吉兰丹州选定地区山羊的感染率，鉴定无形体种类及一些选定的风险因素。共采集了411份山羊血样，采用常规PCR和测序技术，针对msp4基因分析无形体种类。通过品种、年龄、管理系统和地点来确定感染风险。我们的结果表明，检测到的无形体属总体感染率为30.9%。有趣的是，对选定扩增子的测序显示存在绵羊无形体和边缘无形体。数据分析显示，无形体感染与一些变量之间存在显著的统计学关联，如地点（地区）、农场管理系统、品种和年龄（P < 0.05）。具体而言，与其他管理类型相比，集约化管理饲养的山羊患病率最高，为46.25%（37/80）。此外，就地区而言，沿海地区饲养的山羊患病率为39.23%（71/181），高于内陆地区的24.35%（56/230）。关于品种，纯种山羊无形体属感染患病率为38.19%（97/254），高于杂交品种的19.11%（30/157）。最后，3岁山羊患病率最低，为18.99%（34/179）。据我们所知，这是马来西亚半岛东北部山羊中边缘无形体和绵羊无形体的首次报道。感染山羊临床健康；这揭示了山羊作为边缘无形体潜在宿主的作用以及马来西亚山羊中绵羊无形体的存在。必须持续不断地努力控制蜱虫，以确保高产量，并减轻研究区域内与山羊蜱传病原体相关疾病的负担。
