Nur-Amalina N, Nur-Sabrina A M, Muhamad-Ali H A M, Mohammad-Sabri A R, Nor-Azlina A A, Basripuzi N H
Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Study, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 16100, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Pusat Ternakan Haiwan Air Hitam, Peti Surat 526, Jalan Batu Pahat, 86009, Kluang, Johor, Malaysia.
Trop Biomed. 2024 Dec 1;41(4):385-391. doi: 10.47665/tb.41.S.001.
Bovine anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease in cattle which is mainly caused by Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale. It poses significant economic burdens and threat on livestock industries worldwide. This study aimed to identify Anaplasma spp. infecting the commercial Mafriwal cattle in Johor, Malaysia and investigate their phylogenetic relationship in the population. In this study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the MSP4 gene for A. marginale and the 16s rRNA gene for A. centrale were performed. These assays were conducted on blood samples collected from 242 Mafriwal cattle. BLAST analysis and phylogenetic trees were constructed to analyze the genetic relationships between the Anaplasma spp. The results revealed 57.85% of the sampled population were infected with Anaplasma spp., 21.90% with A. marginale, 9.50% with A. centrale and 26.45% with both A. marginale and A. centrale. BLAST analysis showed 100% similarities between A. marginale sequences from this study and the sequence from a goat in Brazil. Similarly, A. centrale sequences were closely related to strains from tick vector, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in Panama with 100% similarity. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed distinct clades for A. marginale and A. centrale, indicating genetic diversity and specific species differentiation. The findings highlight the endemicity of bovine anaplasmosis in Malaysian cattle populations and potential cross-border transmission routes. Moreover, this study provides the first report of A. centrale prevalence in Malaysia, emphasizing the importance of ongoing surveillance and management efforts. Understanding the genetic diversity and species differentiation of these pathogens is crucial for designing effective control strategies and vaccine development. In conclusion, this study enhances our understanding of the prevalence and genetic dynamics of bovine anaplasmosis among Mafriwal cattle in its largest population in Malaysia for better diagnosis and effective control measures.
牛无浆体病是牛的一种蜱传疾病，主要由边缘无浆体和中央无浆体引起。它给全球畜牧业带来了巨大的经济负担和威胁。本研究旨在鉴定感染马来西亚柔佛州商业化马弗里瓦尔牛的无浆体属物种，并研究它们在种群中的系统发育关系。在本研究中，针对边缘无浆体的MSP4基因和中央无浆体的16s rRNA基因进行了聚合酶链反应（PCR）。这些检测在从242头马弗里瓦尔牛采集的血液样本上进行。进行了BLAST分析并构建了系统发育树，以分析无浆体属物种之间的遗传关系。结果显示，57.85%的抽样种群感染了无浆体属物种，21.90%感染边缘无浆体，9.50%感染中央无浆体，26.45%同时感染边缘无浆体和中央无浆体。BLAST分析表明，本研究中的边缘无浆体序列与巴西一只山羊的序列有100%的相似性。同样，中央无浆体序列与巴拿马蜱媒微小牛蜱的菌株密切相关，相似性为100%。系统发育分析证实了边缘无浆体和中央无浆体有不同的进化枝，表明存在遗传多样性和特定物种分化。这些发现突出了牛无浆体病在马来西亚牛群中的地方性流行以及潜在的跨境传播途径。此外，本研究首次报告了中央无浆体在马来西亚的流行情况，强调了持续监测和管理工作的重要性。了解这些病原体的遗传多样性和物种分化对于设计有效的控制策略和疫苗开发至关重要。总之，本研究增进了我们对马来西亚最大种群马弗里瓦尔牛中牛无浆体病的流行情况和遗传动态的了解，以便更好地进行诊断和采取有效的控制措施。
