WuraolaAlatishe-Muhammad Bilqis, Ige Elijah Taiye, Fatoye John, Shittu Rasheedat, Adefila Boluwatife Charity, Oyekunle Olufunmike, Akanji Mutiat Adebonike, Lawal Abdulwasiu, Bakare Zainab Abiola, Bolarinwa Oladimeji Akeem
Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Niger Med J. 2025 Jan 10;65(6):1089-1100. doi: 10.60787/nmj.v65i6.590. eCollection 2024 Nov-Dec.
Sleep is a very important physiologic process which is necessary to maintain a state of well-being. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is prevalent among all age groups with variations in presentation and severity. It is often underreported, especially among young people in the Low- and Middle-Income Countries LMICs. This study assessed the prevalence and pattern of OSA among undergraduates enrolled at tertiary Institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria using both Epworth and Stop Bang tools.
A campus-based study conducted among undergraduate students in Kwara state. Respondents were selected from three tertiary institutions. A total of 1,048 eligible students were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Stop Bang Questionnaire (SBQ) were adapted and administered. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted. The level of significance was set at a p-value of <0.05 at 95% confidence interval. Ethical approval was obtained.
The mean age of respondents was 21± 2.69. More than half 634 (60.5%) of the 1048 respondents were females, with 20 (1.9%) were married. Abnormal sleepiness was reported in 151 (14.41%) while 897 (85.59%) had normal sleepiness using ESS. With the SBQ, 998 (95.2%) had a low risk while 46 (4.3%) had a moderate to high risk of OSA. Religion, increasing levels of study, and presence of chronic disease, were significantly associated with abnormal sleepiness using ESS, whereas female gender, religion, presence of chronic disease, smoking, use of sedatives and caffeine were significantly associated with OSA using SBQ.
The prevalence and pattern of sleep disorder among the undergraduates showed a moderate prevalence of sleep disorder and associated risks of OSA using the sleep disorder tools. There is a tendency to become a big burden with an increase in age, therefore health promotion interventions are recommended early to students to create awareness of OSA risks.
睡眠是维持健康状态所必需的非常重要的生理过程。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）在所有年龄组中都很普遍，其表现和严重程度各不相同。它经常未被充分报告，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）的年轻人中。本研究使用爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表（Epworth）和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停筛查问卷（Stop Bang）工具，评估了尼日利亚夸拉州高等院校本科学生中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的患病率和模式。
在夸拉州的本科生中进行了一项基于校园的研究。受访者来自三所高等院校。使用多阶段抽样技术共选取了1048名符合条件的学生。采用并实施了爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表（ESS）和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停筛查问卷（SBQ）。进行了描述性和推断性分析。显著性水平设定为p值<0.05，置信区间为95%。获得了伦理批准。
受访者的平均年龄为21±2.69岁。在1048名受访者中，超过一半（634人，60.5%）为女性，其中20人（1.9%）已婚。使用ESS报告有异常嗜睡的有151人（14.41%），而897人（85.59%）嗜睡正常。使用SBQ，998人（95.2%）患阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的风险较低，46人（4.3%）患阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的风险为中度至高度。宗教、学习水平提高和慢性病的存在与使用ESS的异常嗜睡显著相关，而女性性别、宗教、慢性病的存在、吸烟、使用镇静剂和咖啡因与使用SBQ的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停显著相关。
使用睡眠障碍工具，本科生中睡眠障碍的患病率和模式显示睡眠障碍的患病率适中以及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的相关风险。随着年龄的增长，有成为重大负担的趋势，因此建议尽早对学生进行健康促进干预，以提高对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停风险的认识。
