Meinwald J, Roach B, Hicks K, Alsop D, Eisner T
Experientia. 1985 Apr 15;41(4):516-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01966178.
The defensive anal effluent discharged by Silpha americana in response to disturbance contains a mixture of steroids stemming from a glandular annex of the rectum. The compounds have been characterized as 15 beta-hydroxyprogesterone (1, principal component), 5 beta-pregnan-15 beta-ol-3,20-dione (2), 5 beta-pregnan-3 alpha, 15 beta-diol-20-one (3), 5 beta-pregnan-7 beta, 15 beta-diol-3,20-dione (4), 5 beta-pregnan-3 alpha, 7 beta, 15 beta-triol-20-one (5), 5 beta-pregnan-16 alpha-ol-3,20-dione (6), and 5 beta-pregnan-3 alpha, 16 alpha-diol-20-one (7), none previously found in insects. Bioassays with jumping spiders showed compounds 1 and 6 to be feeding deterrents at the 1 microgram level.
美洲埋葬虫受到干扰时排出的防御性肛门流出物含有源自直肠腺附属物的多种甾体混合物。这些化合物已被鉴定为15β-羟基孕酮（1，主要成分）、5β-孕烷-15β-醇-3,20-二酮（2）、5β-孕烷-3α,15β-二醇-20-酮（3）、5β-孕烷-7β,15β-二醇-3,20-二酮（4）、5β-孕烷-3α,7β,15β-三醇-20-酮（5）、5β-孕烷-16α-醇-3,20-二酮（6）和5β-孕烷-3α,16α-二醇-20-酮（7），这些化合物以前在昆虫中均未发现。对跳蛛的生物测定表明，化合物1和6在1微克水平时具有摄食威慑作用。
