Ruppert P H, Dean K F, Reiter L W
Dev Psychobiol. 1985 May;18(3):247-60. doi: 10.1002/dev.420180305.
In a series of four experiments, social and experiential factors that influence the development of motor activity in rat pups were examined. Motor activity was monitored from postnatal Days 13 to 21 as photocell interruptions in figure-eight mazes and comparisons were made between pups maintained in a nest box containing a dam and siblings and allowed access to the maze for 23 hr/day, pups tested daily for 1 hr/day vs pups tested only on postnatal Days 15, 18, or 21, pups tested daily for either 5 min, 30 min, or 1 hr/day, and pups tested daily for 30 min/day either singly in a maze, paired with a littermate, or paired with an anesthetized pup of the same age. A monotonic increase in activity was seen for nest-box testing, minimal developmental change was seen for pups tested on only a single day or for pups tested with an anesthetized pup, whereas all other groups showed an inverted U-shaped profile of activity which was influenced by the duration of testing and/or the presence of a littermate. These data emphasize the relevance of environmental factors as determinants of preweaning behavior.
在一系列四项实验中，研究了影响幼鼠运动活动发育的社会和经验因素。从出生后第13天到第21天，通过八字形迷宫中的光电管中断来监测运动活动，并对以下几组幼鼠进行了比较：一组幼鼠饲养在有母鼠和同胞的巢箱中，每天有23小时可进入迷宫；一组幼鼠每天测试1小时；另一组幼鼠仅在出生后第15天、18天或21天进行测试；一组幼鼠每天分别测试5分钟、30分钟或1小时；还有一组幼鼠每天30分钟单独在迷宫中测试，或与同窝幼鼠配对测试，或与同龄麻醉幼鼠配对测试。巢箱测试中活动呈单调增加，仅在一天测试的幼鼠或与麻醉幼鼠一起测试的幼鼠发育变化最小，而所有其他组的活动呈现倒U形曲线，这受到测试持续时间和/或同窝幼鼠的影响。这些数据强调了环境因素作为断奶前行为决定因素的相关性。
