Manzoor Maria, Guan Dong-Xing, Ma Lena Q
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Feb 15;965:178538. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178538. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that has detrimental effects on agriculture crops and human health. Both natural and anthropogenic processes release Cd into the environment, elevating its contents in soils. Under Cd stress, strong plant-microbiome interactions are important in improving crop production, but a systematic review is still missing. This review demonstrates the importance of microbiomes and their interactions with plants in mitigating Cd toxicity and promoting crop growth. Endogenous and exogenous microbiomes play a role to enhance plant's ability to respond to Cd stress. Specifically, the rhizosphere microbiome, which includes plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, endosphere microbiome, and phyllosphere microbiome, are involved in Cd accumulation, immobilization, and translocation, and Cd-induced stress management. The mechanisms underlying these plant-microbiome interactions vary depending on the species and varieties of crops, composition and diversity of the microbiome, and level of Cd stress. Among the microbiome-mediated approaches, biosorption, bioprecipitation, and bioaccumulation are promising for Cd remediation in soil. Additionally, the endosphere microbiome, particularly Cd resistant endophytes, reduces Cd toxicity, increases the expression of Cd efflux genes, and enhances crop growth through regulating crops' antioxidant machinery and endogenous hormones. Furthermore, improved agricultural practices modulate the soil and plant microbiomes, thereby reducing Cd stress and increasing crop productivity.
镉（Cd）是一种有毒重金属，对农作物和人类健康都有不利影响。自然过程和人为活动都会将镉释放到环境中，从而提高土壤中的镉含量。在镉胁迫下，强大的植物-微生物群落相互作用对于提高作物产量至关重要，但目前仍缺乏系统的综述。本综述阐述了微生物群落及其与植物的相互作用在减轻镉毒性和促进作物生长方面的重要性。内源性和外源性微生物群落都有助于增强植物应对镉胁迫的能力。具体而言，根际微生物群落，包括促生根际细菌和丛枝菌根真菌、内生微生物群落和叶际微生物群落，都参与了镉的积累、固定和转运，以及镉诱导的胁迫管理。这些植物-微生物群落相互作用的机制因作物的种类和品种、微生物群落的组成和多样性以及镉胁迫水平的不同而有所差异。在微生物群落介导的方法中，生物吸附、生物沉淀和生物积累在土壤镉修复方面具有广阔前景。此外，内生微生物群落，特别是耐镉内生菌，可降低镉毒性，增加镉外排基因的表达，并通过调节作物的抗氧化机制和内源激素来促进作物生长。此外，改良的农业实践可调节土壤和植物微生物群落，从而减轻镉胁迫并提高作物生产力。
