Savy Thomas, Flanders Lucy, Karpanasamy Thaneswari, Sun Min, Gerlinger Marco
Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, London, UK.
Trends Cancer. 2025 Mar;11(3):204-215. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2025.01.001. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
The fundamental evolutionary nature of cancer has been recognized for decades. Increasingly powerful genetic and single cell sequencing technologies, as well as preclinical models, continue to unravel the evolution of premalignant cells, and progression to metastatic stages and to drug-resistant end-stage disease. Here, we summarize recent advances and distil evolutionary principles and their relevance for the clinic. We reveal how cancer cell and microenvironmental plasticity are intertwined with Darwinian evolution and demonstrate the need for a conceptual framework that integrates these processes. This warrants the adoption of the recently developed Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES).
癌症的基本进化本质在过去几十年中已得到认可。功能日益强大的基因和单细胞测序技术以及临床前模型，不断揭示癌前细胞的进化过程，以及向转移阶段和耐药终末期疾病的进展。在此，我们总结了近期的进展，提炼出进化原理及其与临床的相关性。我们揭示了癌细胞和微环境可塑性如何与达尔文进化相互交织，并证明需要一个整合这些过程的概念框架。这就需要采用最近发展起来的扩展进化综合理论（EES）。
