Zeifman Richard J, Spriggs Meg J, Kettner Hannes, Lyons Taylor, Rosas Fernando E, Mediano Pedro A M, Erritzoe David, Carhart-Harris Robin L
Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
NYU Langone Center for Psychedelic Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 1 Park Avenue, Floor 8, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 29;15(1):3651. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28111-3.
The Relaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics (REBUS) model proposes that serotonergic psychedelics decrease the precision weighting of neurobiologically-encoded beliefs. We conducted a preliminary examination of two psychological assumptions of REBUS: (a) psychedelics foster acute relaxation and post-acute revision of confidence in mental-health-relevant beliefs; which (b) facilitate positive therapeutic outcomes and are associated with the entropy of EEG signals. Healthy individuals (N = 11) were administered 1 mg and 25 mg psilocybin 4-weeks apart. Confidence ratings for personally held beliefs were obtained before, during, and 4-weeks post-psilocybin. Acute entropy and subjective experiences were measured, as was well-being (before and 4-weeks post-psilocybin). Confidence in negative self-beliefs decreased following 25 mg psilocybin. Entropy and subjective effects under 25 mg psilocybin correlated with decreases in negative self-belief confidence (acutely and at 4-weeks). Particularly strong evidence was seen for a relationship between decreases in negative self-belief confidence and increases in well-being. We report the first empirical evidence that the relaxation and revision of negative self-belief confidence mediates psilocybin's positive psychological outcomes, and provide tentative evidence for a neuronal mechanism, namely, increased neuronal entropy. Replication within larger and clinical samples is necessary. We also introduce a new measure for examining the robustness of these preliminary findings and the utility of the REBUS model.
迷幻药作用下的放松信念（REBUS）模型提出，血清素能迷幻药会降低神经生物学编码信念的精确权重。我们对REBUS的两个心理学假设进行了初步检验：（a）迷幻药促进急性放松以及对心理健康相关信念的急性后信心修正；（b）这有助于产生积极的治疗效果，并与脑电图信号的熵相关。健康个体（N = 11）每隔4周分别服用1毫克和25毫克的裸盖菇素。在服用裸盖菇素之前、期间以及之后4周，获取对个人所持信念的信心评级。测量急性熵和主观体验，以及幸福感（服用裸盖菇素之前和之后4周）。服用25毫克裸盖菇素后，对负面自我信念的信心下降。25毫克裸盖菇素作用下的熵和主观效应与负面自我信念信心的下降（急性和4周后）相关。尤其有力的证据表明负面自我信念信心的下降与幸福感的增加之间存在关联。我们报告了首个实证证据，即负面自我信念信心的放松和修正介导了裸盖菇素的积极心理结果，并为一种神经元机制，即神经元熵增加，提供了初步证据。需要在更大规模的临床样本中进行重复验证。我们还引入了一种新的测量方法，以检验这些初步发现的稳健性以及REBUS模型的效用。
