Pan Lili, Xie Yali, Yang Huali, Bao Xilai, Chen Jinxia, Zou Mengting, Li Run-Wei
CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
ACS Nano. 2025 Feb 11;19(5):5699-5708. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c15964. Epub 2025 Jan 30.
Flexible magnetic sensors, which have advantages such as deformability, vector field sensing, and noncontact detection, are an important branch of flexible electronics and have significant applications in fields such as magnetosensitive electronic skin. Human skin surfaces have complicated deformations, which pose a demand for magnetic sensors that can withstand omnidirectional strain while maintaining stable performance. However, existing flexible magnetic sensor arrays can only withstand stretching along specific directions and are prone to failure under complicated deformations. Here, we demonstrate an omnidirectionally stretchable spin-valve sensor array with high stretchability and excellent performance. By integrating the modulus-distributed structure with liquid metal, the sensor can maintain its performance under complex deformations, enabling the overall system with omnidirectional stretchability. The fabricated spin-valve sensor exhibits a nearly unchanged giant magnetoresistance ratio of 8% and a maximum sensitivity of 0.93%/Oe upon omnidirectional strain up to 86% and can maintain stable performance without fatigue for over 1000 stretching cycles. Furthermore, this spin-valve sensor array is characterized by stable sensing performance for magnetic fields under complicated deformations and can be applied as a magnetosensitive electronic skin. Our results provide insights into the development of next-generation stretchable and wearable magnetoelectronics.
柔性磁传感器具有可变形性、矢量场传感和非接触检测等优点，是柔性电子学的一个重要分支，在磁敏电子皮肤等领域有着重要应用。人体皮肤表面存在复杂的变形，这对能够承受全方位应变并保持稳定性能的磁传感器提出了需求。然而，现有的柔性磁传感器阵列只能承受沿特定方向的拉伸，在复杂变形下容易失效。在此，我们展示了一种具有高拉伸性和优异性能的全方位可拉伸自旋阀传感器阵列。通过将模量分布结构与液态金属相结合，该传感器能够在复杂变形下保持其性能，使整个系统具有全方位拉伸性。所制备的自旋阀传感器在高达86%的全方位应变下，巨磁电阻比几乎保持8%不变，最大灵敏度为0.93%/Oe，并且在超过1000次拉伸循环中能保持稳定性能而不产生疲劳。此外，这种自旋阀传感器阵列在复杂变形下对磁场具有稳定的传感性能，可作为磁敏电子皮肤应用。我们的研究结果为下一代可拉伸和可穿戴磁电子学的发展提供了见解。
