Rajalakshmi Jayaraman, Harish Sankarasubramanian, Rajendran Lingan, Parthasarathy Seethapathy, Saravanakumari Kalaiselvan, Raguchander Thiruvengadam
Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
Department of Plant Pathology, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 642109, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2025 Jan 30;82(3):105. doi: 10.1007/s00284-025-04076-6.
Turmeric is affected by various phytopathogens, which cause huge economic losses to farmers. In the present study, ten isolates of Pythium spp. were isolated from infected turmeric rhizomes and characterized. Besides, forty-five isolates of Chaetomium spp. were isolated and characterized through morphological and molecular methods. Among the 45 isolates, Chaetomium globosum Cg6 exhibited the highest antagonistic activity against Pythium aphanidermatum in vitro. The crude antibiotics produced by C. globosum were characterized and analyzed through TLC, GC/MS, and HPLC. The best isolate, TNAU-Cg6, produced all three antibiotics, viz., chaetoglobosin A, chaetomin, and chaetocin in higher quantity and inhibited the growth of P. aphanidermatum. Liquid formulation of TNAU-Cg6 using modified Glucose Ammonium Nitrate broth supported the highest concentration at the end of 360 days at an optimum dosage of 10 mL l. Besides, it survived as ascospores at 210 days after planting in the soil. It is observed that the sequential application of liquid bioformulated TNAU-Cg6 as rhizome dip and soil drenching significantly reduced the rhizome rot incidence and enhanced the plant growth parameters. Our findings suggested that C. globosum Cg6 can be a potential biocontrol agent against turmeric rhizome rot disease.
姜黄受到多种植物病原体的影响，这给农民造成了巨大的经济损失。在本研究中，从受感染的姜黄根茎中分离并鉴定了10株腐霉菌株。此外，通过形态学和分子方法分离并鉴定了45株毛壳菌属菌株。在这45株菌株中，球毛壳菌Cg6在体外对瓜果腐霉表现出最高的拮抗活性。通过薄层色谱法（TLC）、气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC/MS）和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对球毛壳菌产生的粗抗生素进行了表征和分析。最佳菌株TNAU-Cg6大量产生了三种抗生素，即球毛壳菌素A、毛壳菌素和毛壳霉素，并抑制了瓜果腐霉的生长。使用改良的葡萄糖硝酸铵肉汤制备的TNAU-Cg6液体制剂在360天结束时以10 mL l的最佳剂量支持了最高浓度。此外，它在土壤中种植210天后以子囊孢子的形式存活。据观察，将液体生物制剂TNAU-Cg6作为根茎浸蘸剂和土壤浇灌剂依次施用可显著降低根茎腐烂发病率并提高植物生长参数。我们的研究结果表明，球毛壳菌Cg6可能是一种防治姜黄根茎腐烂病的潜在生物防治剂。
