Herrero Yamila, Velazquez Candela, Pascuali Natalia, Hauk Vanesa, de Zúñiga Ignacio, Martínez Gustavo, Lavolpe Mariano, Neuspiller Fernando, Veiga María Florencia, Scotti Leopoldina, Abramovich Dalhia, Parborell Fernanda
Ovarian Physiopathology Studies Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine (IByME) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA.
J Assist Reprod Genet. 2025 Feb;42(2):563-576. doi: 10.1007/s10815-025-03403-x. Epub 2025 Jan 30.
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of mild COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 vaccination on ovarian function in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Specifically, we assessed ovarian outcomes between 9 and 18 months post-infection and investigated the effects of COVID-19 vaccines (inactivated virus and adenovirus) on reproductive parameters.
The study included two objectives: (a) examining ovarian function in post-COVID-19 patients (9-18 months post-infection) compared to a control group and (b) comparing reproductive outcomes in vaccinated versus unvaccinated patients. According to the study objectives, ART patients were divided into the following groups: a control group (n = 30), a post-COVID-19 group (n = 55), an unvaccinated group (n = 70), and a vaccinated group (n = 55). Findings revealed a reduction in the number of retrieved and mature oocytes in patients over 36 years in the post-COVID-19 group. Lower IL-1β levels were found in follicular fluid (FF) of post-COVID-19 patients, while VEGF levels were reestablished between 9 and 18 months post-infection. Although cell migration was reduced in endothelial cells incubated with post-COVID-19 FF, angiogenic factor levels and DNA integrity remained stable. No significant differences in retrieved or mature oocytes were observed between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients.
VEGF levels and DNA integrity in FF from post-COVID-19 patients were normalized between 9 and 18 months post-infection. Additionally, COVID-19 vaccination did not negatively impact ovarian response in ART patients, supporting vaccine safety in reproductive contexts.
本研究旨在评估轻度新冠病毒感染和新冠病毒疫苗接种对接受辅助生殖技术（ART）患者卵巢功能的长期影响。具体而言，我们评估了感染后9至18个月的卵巢结局，并研究了新冠病毒疫苗（灭活病毒疫苗和腺病毒疫苗）对生殖参数的影响。
该研究包括两个目标：（a）将新冠病毒感染后患者（感染后9至18个月）的卵巢功能与对照组进行比较；（b）比较接种疫苗与未接种疫苗患者的生殖结局。根据研究目标，ART患者被分为以下几组：对照组（n = 30）、新冠病毒感染后组（n = 55）、未接种疫苗组（n = 70）和接种疫苗组（n = 55）。研究结果显示，新冠病毒感染后组中36岁以上患者回收的成熟卵母细胞数量减少。新冠病毒感染后患者的卵泡液（FF）中白细胞介素-1β水平较低，而血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平在感染后9至18个月恢复正常。尽管与新冠病毒感染后FF一起孵育的内皮细胞中的细胞迁移减少，但血管生成因子水平和DNA完整性保持稳定。接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的患者在回收或成熟卵母细胞方面未观察到显著差异。
新冠病毒感染后患者FF中的VEGF水平和DNA完整性在感染后9至18个月恢复正常。此外，新冠病毒疫苗接种对ART患者的卵巢反应没有负面影响，这支持了疫苗在生殖环境中的安全性。
