Chetboul Valérie, Fauveau Constance, Passavin Peggy
Cardiology Department, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, CHUVA, Maisons-Alfort, France.
INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 30;20(1):e0318227. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318227. eCollection 2025.
Aortic stenosis (AS) and pulmonic stenosis (PS) are two of the most common canine congenital heart diseases (CHD), with a high relative risk for Newfoundland dogs to develop inherited subvalvular AS. For this reason, a cardiovascular screening program has been set up by the French Newfoundland kennel club in order to manage mattings and reduce AS prevalence.
The records of untreated and non-anesthetized adult Newfoundland dogs screened between 2010 and 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. All dogs underwent physical examination and standard transthoracic echocardiography with concomitant ECG tracing. All examinations were reviewed by one single board-certified specialist in cardiology.
A total of 921 dogs were screened during the study period (female:male sex ratio = 1.94, median age [IQR] = 1.9 years [1.6-2.7], body weight = 55.0 kg [50-60]). For most dogs (90.6% for AS and 91% PS), a single examination was required to obtain a definitive cardiac status, although most operators (122/133 = 91.7%) were non-specialist general practitioners. Out of the 921 screened dogs, 913/921 (99.1%) and 919/921 (99.8%) were respectively free of AS and PS, with no AS and PS detection during the last 3 years of the program. The inbreeding coefficient, which was assessed from the pedigree analysis of all screened dogs except one, was not significantly different between dogs with either AS (0.59%; P = 0.86) or PS (0.39%; P = 0.72) and those without any arterial stenosis (0.39%).
This 14-year cardiovascular screening program has experienced a strong involvement of veterinarians, breeders, and owners throughout France. Unlike reports from other European and North American countries, this program suggests the low and decreasing prevalence of both AS and PS in the Newfoundland breed in France.
主动脉瓣狭窄（AS）和肺动脉瓣狭窄（PS）是犬类最常见的两种先天性心脏病（CHD），纽芬兰犬患遗传性瓣下AS的相对风险较高。因此，法国纽芬兰犬舍俱乐部设立了一项心血管筛查计划，以管理繁殖并降低AS的患病率。
对2010年至2023年间接受筛查的未经治疗且未麻醉的成年纽芬兰犬的记录进行回顾性审查。所有犬只均接受了体格检查和标准经胸超声心动图检查，并同步进行心电图描记。所有检查均由一名获得认证的心脏病专科医生进行审查。
在研究期间共筛查了921只犬（雌性与雄性的性别比 = 1.94，中位年龄[四分位间距] = 1.9岁[1.6 - 2.7]，体重 = 55.0千克[50 - 60]）。对于大多数犬只（AS为90.6%，PS为91%），只需进行一次检查就能确定心脏状况，尽管大多数操作人员（122/133 = 91.7%）是普通全科医生而非专科医生。在921只接受筛查的犬只中，913/921（99.1%）和919/921（99.8%）分别未患AS和PS，在该计划的最后3年中未检测到AS和PS。除一只犬外，对所有接受筛查犬只的系谱分析得出的近亲繁殖系数，患AS（0.59%；P = 0.86）或PS（0.39%；P = 0.72）的犬只与无任何动脉狭窄的犬只（0.39%）之间无显著差异。
这项为期14年的心血管筛查计划在法国各地得到了兽医、繁育者和犬主的大力参与。与其他欧洲和北美国家的报告不同，该计划表明法国纽芬兰犬种中AS和PS的患病率较低且呈下降趋势。
