Zack A, Måre K, Violante M
Invest Radiol. 1985 Mar-Apr;20(2):212-6. doi: 10.1097/00004424-198503000-00021.
High intravenous doses of diatrizoate are known to induce a profound degree of pulmonary edema in the rat. In euhydrated rats, similar doses of iohexol do not induce significantly higher lung weights when compared with nontreated animals. However, for dehydrated rats, intravenous administration of equivalent doses of these agents results in significant pulmonary edema formation with iohexol, and enhanced edema with diatrizoate; the same magnitude of response is not seen in euhydrated rats. These results show that patients susceptible to severe contrast reactions should be well-hydrated and preferably given a nonionic agent when contrast material must be administered.
已知静脉注射高剂量的泛影酸盐会在大鼠中诱发严重程度的肺水肿。在水分正常的大鼠中，与未处理的动物相比，相似剂量的碘海醇不会导致肺重量显著增加。然而，对于脱水的大鼠，静脉注射等量的这些造影剂会导致碘海醇引起显著的肺水肿形成，而泛影酸盐会加重水肿；在水分正常的大鼠中未观察到相同程度的反应。这些结果表明，易发生严重造影剂反应的患者在必须使用造影剂时应充分水化，并且最好给予非离子型造影剂。
