Wang Xing, Han Dong, Jin Junyan, Zhu Xiaoming, Liu Haokun, Zhang Zhimin, Yang Yunxia, Xie Shouqi
State Key Laboratory of Fresh Water Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Aquac Nutr. 2025 Jan 22;2025:6356786. doi: 10.1155/anu/6356786. eCollection 2025.
This study was carried out to search for the protein requirement of a new strain of preponderant amphitriploid clone, which integrated genomes partly from white crucian carp (). Seven groups of fish (body weight: 9.73 ± 0.03 g) were fed with seven isolipidic and isocarbohydrate diets containing 21.38%, 25.82%, 27.94%, 31.36%, 34.23%, 37.87%, and 40.70% crude protein (P21, P24, P27, P30, P33, P36, and P39), respectively. After 8-week feeding, weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were lower in the P30 group than those in the P39 group, but no difference was found in final body weight (FBW), survival, condition factor (CF), or hepatosomatic index (HSI) between different groups. Increased dietary protein decreased feeding rate (FR) and viscerosomatic index (VSI) while improved feed efficiency (FE). Decreased protein retention efficiency (PRE) and improved activity of liver alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and content of plasma ammonia suggested intensified fish amino acid catabolism in high dietary protein groups. The dietary protein requirement of the new clone was as low as 21.38% for growth. The optimal dietary protein for high FE was 39.62% and should be less than 30.56% to maintain the maximum protein retention. High dietary protein might be harmful to the fish due to the increased contents of liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and plasma cortisol. Dietary protein level altered fish body and muscle flavor substance composition. Low dietary protein could obtain high muscle fatty acid, free amino acid, and lipid accumulation, including whole body and muscle crude lipid, plasma total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). Therefore, the recommended dietary protein for this new clone juvenile should be 21.38%-30.56%.
本研究旨在探寻一种新型优势三倍体克隆品系的蛋白质需求量，该品系部分整合了白鲫的基因组。将七组鱼（体重：9.73±0.03克）投喂含有21.38%、25.82%、27.94%、31.36%、34.23%、37.87%和40.70%粗蛋白的七种等脂且等碳水化合物的饲料（P21、P24、P27、P30、P33、P36和P39）。经过8周投喂后，P30组的增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）低于P39组，但不同组之间的终末体重（FBW）、存活率、肥满度（CF）或肝体指数（HSI）未发现差异。饲料蛋白质增加会降低摄食率（FR）和脏体指数（VSI），但提高饲料效率（FE）。蛋白质保留效率（PRE）降低以及肝脏丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）活性和血浆氨含量提高表明，高饲料蛋白质组中鱼的氨基酸分解代谢增强。该新型克隆品系生长所需的饲料蛋白质需求量低至21.38%。高饲料效率的最佳饲料蛋白质为39.62%，为维持最大蛋白质保留，应低于30.56%。高饲料蛋白质可能因肝脏丙二醛（MDA）和血浆皮质醇含量增加而对鱼有害。饲料蛋白质水平改变了鱼体和肌肉风味物质组成。低饲料蛋白质可使肌肉脂肪酸、游离氨基酸和脂质积累增加，包括鱼体和肌肉粗脂肪、血浆总甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）。因此，对于这种新型克隆品系幼鱼，推荐的饲料蛋白质应为21.38% - 30.56%。
