Liu Cui, Liu Haokun, Zhu Xiaoming, Han Dong, Jin Junyan, Yang Yunxia, Xie Shouqi
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 May 31;11(6):1100. doi: 10.3390/antiox11061100.
In aquaculture, fish are often exposed to several stress conditions, which will cause oxidative disorder and bring about health and quality problems. Arthrospira platensis contains abundant bioactive ingredients, which are beneficial for animal health. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of A. platensis on pigmentation, antioxidant capacity, and stress response after air exposure of fish. A total of 120 yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (initial weight 70.19 ± 0.13 g) were divided into three tanks per treatment and fed diets supplemented with 0 g kg−1 A. platensis (CON) and 20 g kg −1 A. platensis (AP) for 65 days. The results indicated that dietary A. platensis had no effects on the growth of yellow catfish. The AP diet significantly reduced lactic acid (LD) and cortisol levels stimulated by air exposure stress (p < 0.05). Dietary A. platensis significantly increased plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and glutathione (GSH) contents, and the relative expression levels of sod and cat, to protect against oxidative stress caused by air exposure (p < 0.05). The AP diet significantly improved the relative expression level of nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2), while the relative expression level of keap1 (kelch-like ECH associated protein 1) was downregulated, and the protein levels of liver Nrf2 were significantly increased after air exposure stimuli (p < 0.05). Dietary A. platensis significantly increased skin lutein contents, increased skin redness, yellowness and chroma (p < 0.05), and improved body color abnormalities after oxidative stress caused by air exposure stimuli. Skin yellowness was associated with lutein contents and the expression levels of some antioxidant genes to varying degrees. Overall, dietary A. platensis could be utilized as a feed additive to activate the antioxidant response, as well as alleviate oxidative stress and pigmentation disorder induced by air exposure.
在水产养殖中，鱼类常常会面临多种应激条件，这会导致氧化紊乱并引发健康和品质问题。钝顶螺旋藻含有丰富的生物活性成分，对动物健康有益。本研究旨在探讨钝顶螺旋藻对鱼类在空气暴露后的色素沉着、抗氧化能力和应激反应的影响。将总共120尾黄颡鱼（初始体重70.19±0.13克），每种处理分三个水箱饲养，分别投喂添加0克/千克钝顶螺旋藻（CON）和20克/千克钝顶螺旋藻（AP）的饲料，持续65天。结果表明，饲料中的钝顶螺旋藻对黄颡鱼的生长没有影响。AP组饲料显著降低了空气暴露应激刺激产生的乳酸（LD）和皮质醇水平（p<0.05）。饲料中的钝顶螺旋藻显著提高了血浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）的活性以及谷胱甘肽（GSH）的含量，以及sod和cat的相对表达水平，以抵御空气暴露引起的氧化应激（p<0.05）。AP组饲料显著提高了nrf2（核因子红细胞2相关因子2）的相对表达水平，而keap1（kelch样ECH相关蛋白1）的相对表达水平下调，空气暴露刺激后肝脏Nrf2的蛋白水平显著升高（p<0.05）。饲料中的钝顶螺旋藻显著提高了皮肤叶黄素含量，增加了皮肤的红度、黄度和色度（p<0.05），并改善了空气暴露刺激引起的氧化应激后的体色异常。皮肤黄度与叶黄素含量和一些抗氧化基因的表达水平不同程度相关。总体而言，饲料中的钝顶螺旋藻可作为饲料添加剂，激活抗氧化反应，减轻空气暴露引起的氧化应激和色素沉着紊乱。
