Thelen Kathrin, Prigge Vanessa, Kohlmorgen Anja, Muders Katja, Truberg Bernd, Hartje Stefanie, Renner Juliane, Stich Benjamin
Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Sanitz, Germany.
Faculty of Agricultural- and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jan 6;15:1505193. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1505193. eCollection 2024.
Potato is a versatile food crop and major component of human nutrition worldwide. Model calculations and computer simulations can be used to optimize the resource allocation in potato breeding programs but require quantitative genetic parameters. The objectives of our study are to (i) estimate quantitative genetic parameters of the most important phenotypic traits in potato breeding programs, (ii) compare the importance of inter- vs. intra-population variance, (iii) quantify genotypic and phenotypic covariances among phenotypic traits, and (iv) examine the effect of a preselection in the single hills stage on variance and covariance components in later stages of the breeding program. Our study was based on a total of 1066 clones from three breeding programs which were evaluated in a non-orthogonal way in 15 environments for a total of 26 phenotypic traits. The examined traits showed an overall high to medium heritability, and variance analysis revealed trait-specific differences in the influence of the genotypic, environmental, and genotype-environment interaction effect. Accounting for heterogeneity in the residual variances between the 15 environments led to a significant improvement of the variance parameter estimation. The result of our study suggested that the first selection step at the single hills stage did not negatively impact the genetic variability of the target traits implying that the traits assessed in the earlier stages were not correlated with the traits influencing market success. Our results can be used as base for further simulation studies and, thus, help to optimize the resource allocation in breeding programs.
马铃薯是一种用途广泛的粮食作物，也是全球人类营养的主要组成部分。模型计算和计算机模拟可用于优化马铃薯育种计划中的资源分配，但需要定量遗传参数。我们研究的目的是：（i）估计马铃薯育种计划中最重要表型性状的定量遗传参数；（ii）比较群体间方差与群体内方差的重要性；（iii）量化表型性状之间的基因型和表型协方差；（iv）研究单株期预选对育种计划后期方差和协方差成分的影响。我们的研究基于来自三个育种计划的总共1066个无性系，这些无性系在15个环境中以非正交方式进行评估，共涉及26个表型性状。所检测的性状总体上具有中到高的遗传力，方差分析揭示了基因型、环境和基因型 - 环境互作效应影响方面的性状特异性差异。考虑15个环境之间残差方差的异质性导致方差参数估计有显著改善。我们的研究结果表明，单株期的第一步选择对目标性状的遗传变异性没有负面影响，这意味着早期评估的性状与影响市场成功的性状不相关。我们的结果可作为进一步模拟研究的基础，从而有助于优化育种计划中的资源分配。
