Jia Lei, Wang Wei, Zhao Hongyu, Ding Xiaoyu, Zheng Mingzhu, Cai Dan, Wang Yuhua, Wang Zhitong, Liu Huimin
College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China.
National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Feb 12;73(6):3286-3304. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09415. Epub 2025 Jan 31.
Astaxanthin (AST), as a natural antioxidant, has broad application prospects in medicine and health products. However, its highly unsaturated structure and significant lipophilic characteristics limit its dispersibility and bioavailability, thereby restricting its application in food, medicines, and nutraceuticals. To overcome these limitations, researchers have proposed the use of nano delivery systems. This review summarizes various nanocarriers, including liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoparticles, and others, and analyzes their advantages in enhancing the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of AST. Furthermore, the study focuses on targeted delivery systems achieved through biomolecular modifications, which enable precise delivery of AST to specific cells or tissues, enhancing therapeutic effects. Additionally, smart-responsive delivery systems, such as pH-responsive and light-sensitive systems, are also discussed, showing their immense potential in precise release and targeted therapy. These findings provide new perspectives for the precise nutrition and clinical applications of AST. Future research should further optimize the design of nanocarriers to enable broader applications.
虾青素（AST）作为一种天然抗氧化剂，在医药和保健品领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而，其高度不饱和的结构和显著的亲脂性特征限制了它的分散性和生物利用度，从而制约了其在食品、药品和营养保健品中的应用。为克服这些限制，研究人员提出使用纳米递送系统。本综述总结了各种纳米载体，包括脂质体、纳米结构脂质载体、纳米颗粒等，并分析了它们在提高AST的溶解度、稳定性和生物利用度方面的优势。此外，该研究聚焦于通过生物分子修饰实现的靶向递送系统，其能够将AST精确递送至特定细胞或组织，增强治疗效果。此外，还讨论了智能响应递送系统，如pH响应和光敏感系统，展示了它们在精确释放和靶向治疗方面的巨大潜力。这些发现为AST的精准营养和临床应用提供了新的视角。未来的研究应进一步优化纳米载体的设计，以实现更广泛的应用。
