Pang Fanglin, Sheng Yuke, Gao LiuTao, Rushdi Hossam E, Loor Juan J, Tian QuanZhao, Liu Shenhe
Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
Henan Dingyuan Cattle Breeding Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, China.
J Anim Sci. 2025 Jan 4;103. doi: 10.1093/jas/skaf012.
Total progressive motile sperm count (TPMSC) is a reliable index of fecundity evaluation of bull semen. It is an important determinant of frozen semen yield and conception rate of females artificially inseminated. Seminal plasma metabolites and sperm lipids are closely related to sperm survival and motility, but their relationship with TPMSC is not well known. In the present study, Simmental bulls with higher (H, n = 6) or lower (L, n = 6) TPMSC (P < 0.01) were selected from a cohort of 100 animals aged 2 to 5 yr based on semen quality. Analysis of semen quality and biochemical markers of seminal plasma revealed that H bulls had greater ejaculate volume (P < 0.05), sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity rate (P < 0.01), seminal plasma neutral α-glucosidase (P < 0.05), alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, cortisol and phosphatidylcholine (P < 0.01), and lower sperm malformation rate (P < 0.05) and reactive oxygen species (P < 0.01). Semen metabolites and sperm liposome profiles of H and L groups were compared using LC-MS/MS analysis. A total of 120 differentially abundant metabolites (VIP > 1; P < 0.05) and 59 differentially abundant lipids (VIP > 1; P < 0.05) were identified between H and L groups. Oxidative stress, sperm motility, and sperm plasma membrane integrity were among the enriched biological pathways. Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), up-regulated in H bulls, is associated with energy for sperm motility and maintenance of membrane stability. Thymidineglycol (Tg), levanbiose, thymidine (Thd), and CE (3M5) were down-regulated in H bulls and may have negatively affected sperm motility. Correlation analyses revealed that TPMSC and sperm motility were significantly positively correlated with cADPR, while Tg, Levanbiose, Thd, and CE (3M5) were significantly negatively correlated with TPMSC and sperm motility. Thus, we speculate that these molecules may be exploited as potential biomarkers for non-invasive evaluation of TPMSC in bull semen.
总渐进性活动精子计数（TPMSC）是评估公牛精液生育力的可靠指标。它是冷冻精液产量和人工授精雌性受孕率的重要决定因素。精浆代谢物和精子脂质与精子存活和活力密切相关，但其与TPMSC的关系尚不清楚。在本研究中，根据精液质量从100头2至5岁的动物群体中选择TPMSC较高（H组，n = 6）或较低（L组，n = 6）（P < 0.01）的西门塔尔公牛。精液质量分析和精浆生化标志物显示，H组公牛射精量更大（P < 0.05）、精子活力、质膜完整率（P < 0.01）、精浆中性α-葡萄糖苷酶（P < 0.05）、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、皮质醇和磷脂酰胆碱（P < 0.01），精子畸形率（P < 0.05）和活性氧（P < 0.01）较低。使用LC-MS/MS分析比较H组和L组的精液代谢物和精子脂质体谱。在H组和L组之间共鉴定出120种差异丰富的代谢物（VIP > 1；P < 0.05）和59种差异丰富的脂质（VIP > 1；P < 0.05）。氧化应激、精子活力和精子质膜完整性属于富集的生物学途径。H组公牛中上调的环ADP核糖（cADPR）与精子活力能量和膜稳定性维持有关。胸苷二醇（Tg）、左聚糖二糖、胸苷（Thd）和CE（3M5）在H组公牛中下调，可能对精子活力产生负面影响。相关性分析表明，TPMSC和精子活力与cADPR显著正相关，而Tg、左聚糖二糖、Thd和CE（3M5）与TPMSC和精子活力显著负相关。因此，我们推测这些分子可作为潜在的生物标志物用于无创评估公牛精液中的TPMSC。
