Aguilar-Colorado Ángel S, Morales-Jiménez Jesús, Rivera-Chávez José
Departamento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Departamento El Hombre y su Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Phytochem Anal. 2025 Jul;36(5):1351-1366. doi: 10.1002/pca.3513. Epub 2025 Jan 30.
Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health problem that requires the development of new bioactive compounds. In this context, metabolomic analyses can expedite the research of fungal metabolites as a valuable resource.
To investigate the metabolic profiles and isolate antibacterial compounds from micromycetes associated with Mexican cloud forest ants by utilizing network analysis of their chemical and bioactivity data.
248 fungal strains isolated from six ant's species, soil of their anthills, and soil of the surroundings were evaluated for their in vitro inhibition growth of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae; subsequently, their metabolites were dereplicated and analyzed by molecular networking and compound activity mapping from spectrometric data. Prioritization of some fungi for isolation of their major constituents was performed, and their structures were established by spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis and their bioactivity determined.
From the fungal collection, 15 secondary metabolites (1-15) were dereplicated, and 10 compounds (16-25), including the new (E)-tridec-7-ene-3,5,6,10-tetraol (25), were isolated from Ascomycetes of Trichoderma, Cladosporium, and Clonostachys genera. Compounds 16-18 stood out for being bioactive. This study is the first report of antibacterial activity against A. baumannii for the tricyclic pyridin-2-ones deoxy-PF1140 (16) and PF1140 (17), with minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 μg/mL.
Network analysis and dereplication proved effective in bioprospecting for antibacterial compounds, offering valuable insights into the chemical diversity of cloud forest soil fungi and their potential applications. Moreover, this study broadens the knowledge of fungal secondary metabolites linked to leafcutter, fire, and warrior ants.
抗菌耐药性是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，需要开发新的生物活性化合物。在此背景下，代谢组学分析可以加快对真菌代谢产物这一宝贵资源的研究。
通过对与墨西哥云雾林蚂蚁相关的微真菌的化学和生物活性数据进行网络分析，研究其代谢谱并分离抗菌化合物。
对从六种蚂蚁物种、蚁丘土壤及其周围土壤中分离出的248株真菌菌株进行评估，检测其对广泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌和高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌的体外抑制生长能力；随后，对其代谢产物进行去重复分析，并通过分子网络和光谱数据的化合物活性图谱进行分析。对一些真菌进行优先排序以分离其主要成分，并通过光谱和光谱分析确定其结构，测定其生物活性。
从真菌样本中，去重复鉴定出15种次生代谢产物（1 - 15），并从木霉属、枝孢属和枝顶孢属的子囊菌中分离出10种化合物（16 - 25），包括新的（E）-十三碳-7-烯-3,5,6,10-四醇（25）。化合物16 - 18具有生物活性。本研究首次报道了三环吡啶-2-酮脱氧-PF1140（16）和PF1140（17）对鲍曼不动杆菌具有抗菌活性，最低抑菌浓度为50μg/mL。
网络分析和去重复在抗菌化合物的生物勘探中被证明是有效的，为云雾林土壤真菌的化学多样性及其潜在应用提供了有价值的见解。此外，本研究拓宽了与切叶蚁、火蚁和兵蚁相关的真菌次生代谢产物的知识。
