Bazie Zerfu, Amare Tadele, Alemu Erkihun, Kerebh Bitewulign, Tenagn Abere, Awoke Abrham, Ambaw Zmie, Alemayehu Beamlaku, Abewa Anteneh, Abebe Ataklte, Feyisa Tesfaye, Agumas Birhanu
Adet Agricultural Research Center, Adet, Ethiopia.
Gondar Agricultural Research Center, Gondar, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 31;20(1):e0315730. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315730. eCollection 2025.
Crops respond differently to soil nutrients because of climate, soil, and management. This study aimed to determine the most important nutrients for tef production. The experiment was conducted over two production seasons. All (NPKSZnB), All-B, All-Zn, All-S, All-K, All-P, All-N, RNP, RNP+Sx1, and no fertilizer treatments were applied. The pre-planning soil status of the study sites, available P concentrations during the rainy season are between 5.1 and 8.9 mg kg-1, however, 21.4 mg kg-1 of available P is observed during irrigation. In rain-fed production systems, the mean soil N concentrations are 0.12% in nitisols and 0.15% in vertosols, whereas in irrigation production systems, it is 0.14% in nitiosols. The grain yield significantly (p ≤ 0.01) varied with the omission of nutrients during the production season. However, there was no significant (p<0.05) decrease in yield due to the omission of KSZnB nutrients. The lowest mean grain yields of 342 kg ha-1 (nitisols) and 491 kg ha-1 (vertosols) were obtained from the no fertilizer treatment. Nitrogen omission decreased yields by 49 and 65% in nitisols and vertosols under the rainy season, respectively, whereas a 19% yield decrease was also observed in the irrigation season. A 10% yield decrease was observed from the P omitted treatment in the rainy season. Thus, N is the primary limiting nutrient to yield in both production seasons, while P is also a yield-limiting nutrient in nitisols. Thus, the government should import the right kind of fertilizer to boost crop productivity in Ethiopia. The required plant nutrients should be periodically monitored in farming systems.
由于气候、土壤和管理方式的不同，作物对土壤养分的反应也有所不同。本研究旨在确定对画眉草生产最重要的养分。该实验在两个生产季节进行。施用了所有（NPKSZnB）、全硼、全锌、全硫、全钾、全磷、全氮、推荐氮磷、推荐氮磷+硫×1以及不施肥处理。研究地点的预规划土壤状况显示，雨季有效磷浓度在5.1至8.9毫克/千克之间，然而，灌溉期间观察到有效磷浓度为21.4毫克/千克。在雨养生产系统中，变性土的土壤氮平均浓度为0.12%，蛭石土为0.15%，而在灌溉生产系统中，新积土的土壤氮平均浓度为0.14%。在生产季节，由于养分缺失，谷物产量有显著差异（p≤0.01）。然而，由于KSZnB养分的缺失，产量没有显著下降（p<0.05）。不施肥处理获得的最低平均谷物产量分别为342千克/公顷（新积土）和491千克/公顷（蛭石土）。在雨季，新积土和蛭石土中氮素缺失分别使产量降低了49%和65%，而在灌溉季节也观察到产量降低了19%。在雨季，磷素缺失处理使产量降低了10%。因此，氮是两个生产季节产量的主要限制养分，而磷也是新积土中限制产量的养分。因此，政府应进口合适的肥料以提高埃塞俄比亚的作物生产力。在耕作系统中应定期监测所需的植物养分。
