Mandrioli Luciana, Brocca Ginevra, Zamparo Samuele, Orioles Massimo, Morini Maria, Cortinovis Luana, Fiocchi Eleonora, Anjomanibenisi Maral, Toffan Anna, Pretto Tobia, Verin Ranieri
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Aquatic Diagnostic Services, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada.
Vet Res Commun. 2025 Feb 1;49(2):95. doi: 10.1007/s11259-025-10662-7.
Sturgeon species are well-suited for aquaculture because of their favourable characteristics, including robustness, suitability for farming in facilities unsuitable for other fish species, and adaptability to diverse farming conditions. The Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, Brandt and Ratzeburg 1833) is one of the most prominent farmed species; however, like other aquaculture species, it is susceptible to significant losses from bacterial and viral diseases. Beyond infectious causes, there are few reports documenting conditions that produce cutaneous masses in Russian sturgeons. This study presents a multidisciplinary investigation of six farmed Russian sturgeons exhibiting discrete, multiple cutaneous masses. Bacteriological analysis of tissue samples revealed the presence of Morganella morganii and Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria, identified as opportunistic bacteria. Virological assays targeting the principal viruses affecting sturgeon, Acipenser iridovirus and Acipenser herpesvirus, yielded negative results. Ultrastructural analysis with direct negative staining revealed no evidence of biological agents. Histologically, the dermal masses were well-demarcated, expansile, and moderately cellular, consisting of spindle-to-stellate neoplastic cells that were multifocally periodic acid-Schiff-positive and embedded in abundant alcianophilic ground substance. Immunohistochemistry with the S-100 antibody confirmed cytoplasmic staining of the neoplastic cells. A final diagnosis of cutaneous nerve sheath tumour with myxoid differentiation was made, replicating findings from a similar tumour in rainbow trout. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first description of multiple cutaneous nerve sheath tumours in sturgeon species. The potential factors contributing to the development of this neoplastic condition are discussed.
鲟鱼品种因其有利特性而非常适合水产养殖，这些特性包括强健性、适合在不适用于其他鱼类品种的设施中养殖以及对多样养殖条件的适应性。俄罗斯鲟（Acipenser gueldenstaedtii，勃兰特和拉策堡，1833年）是最主要的养殖品种之一；然而，与其他水产养殖品种一样，它易因细菌和病毒疾病而遭受重大损失。除了感染性病因外，鲜有报告记录俄罗斯鲟出现皮肤肿块的情况。本研究对六条养殖的俄罗斯鲟进行了多学科调查，这些鲟表现出离散的、多个皮肤肿块。组织样本的细菌学分析显示存在摩根氏摩根菌和维氏气单胞菌温和生物变种，它们被确定为机会性细菌。针对影响鲟鱼的主要病毒，即鲟鱼虹彩病毒和鲟鱼疱疹病毒的病毒学检测结果为阴性。直接负染的超微结构分析未发现生物病原体的证据。组织学上，皮肤肿块界限清晰、可膨胀且细胞数量适中，由梭形至星状的肿瘤细胞组成，这些细胞多灶性高碘酸-希夫染色阳性，并嵌入丰富的嗜阿尔辛蓝基质中。用S-100抗体进行免疫组织化学证实肿瘤细胞的细胞质染色。最终诊断为具有黏液样分化的皮肤神经鞘瘤，这与虹鳟鱼中类似肿瘤的发现一致。据我们所知，这是对鲟鱼品种中多个皮肤神经鞘瘤的首次描述。本文还讨论了导致这种肿瘤性疾病发生的潜在因素。
