Linville S E, Fisher H B
J Gerontol. 1985 May;40(3):324-30. doi: 10.1093/geronj/40.3.324.
The purpose of this study was to increase current understanding of acoustic characteristics of women's voices with advancing age. Phonated and whispered [ae] vowel productions by 75 women at three age levels (25 to 35, 45 to 55, 70 to 80 years) were assessed on acoustic measures related to fundamental frequency stability and vocal tract resonance characteristics. Two acoustic variables effectively differentiated the three age groups. First, frequency stability, as reflected by fundamental frequency standard deviation, decreased with advanced age in women, suggesting that laryngeal and/or respiratory control of phonation shows some deterioration with age. Second, spectral analysis of phonated and whispered [ae] vowel productions revealed significant lowering of the frequency of the first format (F1) with advanced age, suggesting age-related changes in vocal tract dimensions, or positioning of speech structures.
本研究的目的是增进当前对随着年龄增长女性声音声学特征的理解。对75名处于三个年龄组（25至35岁、45至55岁、70至80岁）的女性发出的和轻声说出的[ae]元音进行了评估，评估内容涉及与基频稳定性和声道共振特征相关的声学指标。两个声学变量有效地区分了这三个年龄组。首先，如基频标准差所反映的频率稳定性，在女性中随着年龄增长而降低，这表明发声的喉部和/或呼吸控制随着年龄增长出现了一些退化。其次，对发出的和轻声说出的[ae]元音的频谱分析显示，随着年龄增长，第一共振峰（F1）的频率显著降低，这表明声道尺寸或言语结构的位置出现了与年龄相关的变化。
