约旦男女新兵的睡眠健康及其相关因素：一项横断面研究。
Sleep health and its correlates among male and female military recruits in Jordan: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Malkawi Ahmad M, Kremers Stef P J, Meertens Ree M
机构信息
Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, the Netherlands.
Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, the Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2025 Feb 1;25(1):407. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21455-7.
INTRODUCTION
Determining sleep quality and duration and the factors influencing the quality of sleep among the military is crucial for designing effective interventions. Given the strict and demanding nature of the military setting, it becomes essential to explore factors impacting sleep quality in such a context. Additionally, research in the Middle East and among females on this subject is scarce. This study aims to investigate sleep quality and different sleep-related variables such as sleep duration and sleep hygiene practices in addition to the correlates of sleep quality among recruits.
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study that included 178 (Mean age = 19 years) military recruits during their basic training at two medical military colleges in Jordan. Sleep quality and sleep hygiene practices were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) respectively. Physical activity and dietary behaviors were measured using the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS).
RESULTS
The majority of recruits demonstrated poor sleep quality (80%) and suboptimal sleep hygiene practices (mean SHI = 21) with significantly poorer sleep hygiene practices among male recruits. The average duration of actual sleeping hours per day was around 6 h (± 2.3 h). Multiple regression analysis showed that age and SHI score were positively associated with the global sleep quality score (PSQI), while sleep knowledge score was negatively associated with sleep quality among the whole sample (adjusted R = 0.11). However, the association between sleep hygiene practices and sleep quality was not modified by gender.
CONCLUSIONS
Jordanian military recruits on average had short sleep duration and poor sleep quality. Results showed that better sleep hygiene practices (especially among women) and more sleep knowledge (particularly among men) were associated with better sleep quality. Interventions that use cognitive and behavioral change methods to promote sleep hygiene and improve sleep knowledge are recommended to improve sleep quality among military recruits.
引言
确定军人的睡眠质量和时长以及影响睡眠质量的因素对于设计有效的干预措施至关重要。鉴于军事环境的严格性和苛刻性，在这种背景下探索影响睡眠质量的因素变得至关重要。此外，中东地区以及女性在这一主题上的研究很少。本研究旨在调查新兵的睡眠质量、不同的睡眠相关变量，如睡眠时间和睡眠卫生习惯，以及睡眠质量的相关因素。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，纳入了约旦两所军医大学基础训练期间的178名新兵（平均年龄=19岁）。分别使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和睡眠卫生指数（SHI）评估睡眠质量和睡眠卫生习惯。使用阿拉伯青少年生活方式研究（ATLS）测量身体活动和饮食行为。
结果
大多数新兵睡眠质量较差（80%），睡眠卫生习惯欠佳（平均SHI=21），男性新兵的睡眠卫生习惯明显更差。每天实际睡眠时间的平均时长约为6小时（±2.3小时）。多元回归分析表明，年龄和SHI得分与总体睡眠质量得分（PSQI）呈正相关，而睡眠知识得分与整个样本的睡眠质量呈负相关（调整后R=0.11）。然而，睡眠卫生习惯与睡眠质量之间的关联不受性别的影响。
结论
约旦新兵平均睡眠时间短，睡眠质量差。结果表明，更好的睡眠卫生习惯（尤其是女性）和更多的睡眠知识（尤其是男性）与更好的睡眠质量相关。建议采用认知和行为改变方法来促进睡眠卫生并提高睡眠知识的干预措施，以改善新兵的睡眠质量。
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