Cañizares Catalina, Gómez-Maquet Yvonne, Ferro Eugenio, Torres Carlos Arturo, Agudelo Diana María, Odom Gabriel
Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1 #18a-12, La Candelaria, Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Feb 1;13(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02245-z.
Individuals with high levels of negative affect (NA) are at an increased risk of experiencing distress and negative self-views. Theoretical models suggest that NA plays a critical role in psychopathology, particularly in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and is linked to cognitive-perceptual and affective regulation issues.
Determine whether maladaptive cognitive schemas, attributional style, childhood adversity, and lifestyle factors (including alcohol and drug use and physical activity) could effectively predict negative affect (NA) in adults.
A secondary data analysis was performed on a sample of 342 depressed and non-depressed adults. Beta regression and regression tree analyses were conducted to identify the principal risk factors and their interactions. The regression tree model was trained with 5-fold cross-validation on 75% of the sample, with 25% of observations held for testing.
The findings revealed that the cognitive schemas of disconnection and rejection and impaired autonomy had a significant impact on the likelihood of higher scores on the State Depression Inventory (IDER) test (p < 0.001), as indicated by both beta regression and regression tree analyses. Additionally, childhood adversity emerged as a crucial factor in determining high levels of NA. The regression tree model achieved strong performance metrics, including an R-squared value of 0.77.
This study represents a significant step forward in the understanding of NA, as it considers a broad range of individual factors, such as cognitive schemas, lifestyle, and demographics, to predict its impact on NA, with potential implications for prevention programs aimed at reducing NA.
具有高水平消极情绪（NA）的个体经历痛苦和消极自我认知的风险更高。理论模型表明，消极情绪在精神病理学中起着关键作用，尤其是在重度抑郁症（MDD）中，并且与认知感知和情感调节问题有关。
确定适应不良的认知模式、归因风格、童年逆境和生活方式因素（包括酒精和药物使用以及体育活动）是否能有效预测成年人的消极情绪（NA）。
对342名抑郁和非抑郁成年人的样本进行二次数据分析。进行贝塔回归和回归树分析以识别主要风险因素及其相互作用。回归树模型在样本的75%上进行5折交叉验证训练，将25%的观察值留作测试。
研究结果表明，分离与拒绝以及自主性受损的认知模式对状态抑郁量表（IDER）测试中得分较高的可能性有显著影响（p < 0.001），贝塔回归和回归树分析均表明了这一点。此外，童年逆境是决定高水平消极情绪的关键因素。回归树模型取得了较强的性能指标，包括0.77的R平方值。
本研究在理解消极情绪方面向前迈出了重要一步，因为它考虑了广泛的个体因素，如认知模式、生活方式和人口统计学因素，以预测其对消极情绪的影响，这对旨在减少消极情绪的预防项目可能具有启示意义。
