Fasel Mirko, Zeine Anna-Maria, Hess Jochen, Krakowczyk Julia Barbara, Hubmann Maya, Krumnau Ewa, Rücker Sophia, Dinse Hannah, Fuss Johannes, Teufel Martin, Fink Madeleine
Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2025 Dec;16(1):2490331. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2025.2490331. Epub 2025 Apr 22.
Transgender individuals experience a high level of distress over the lifespan and are at a higher risk of experiencing mental health conditions. The present study mainly aimed to investigate the complex relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), adverse childhood experiences and mental health conditions in adulthood among transgender individuals. 220 participants completed an anonymous online study assessing sociodemographic and medical status, experience of childhood adversity (CTQ), EMSs (YSQ-S3), transgender specific quality of life (ETLI), current depression (PHQ-8), and generalised anxiety severity (GAD-7). Transgender individuals tended to have a high prevalence for experiencing childhood adversity as well as for depressive and generalised anxiety symptoms and low quality of life in adulthood, while assigned female at birth (AFAB) transgender tend to be more vulnerable than assigned male at birth (AMAB) transgender. In general, transgender individuals showed an elevated pronounced level of EMSs, while AFAB transgender tended to focus more on the negative aspects in life, to strive more to pursue perfection and tended more to be highly critical towards others and especially themselves, as well as tended to believe that people should be harshly punished for making mistakes than AMAB transgender. According to the network analysis, schema domain and their EMSs were related to all assessed psychopathological outcomes, especially the schema domains and seemed to be related to experience of childhood adversity and quality of life in adulthood. Transgender individuals seem to experience a high level of childhood adversity, which possibly leads to the development of an elevated level of EMSs. EMSs and their schema domains are associated with elevated depressive and generalised symptoms, as well as lower quality of life.
跨性别者在其一生中经历着高度的痛苦，并且面临着更高的心理健康问题风险。本研究主要旨在调查跨性别者早期适应不良图式（EMSs）、童年不良经历与成年期心理健康状况之间的复杂关系。220名参与者完成了一项匿名在线研究，评估社会人口统计学和医疗状况、童年逆境经历（儿童创伤问卷，CTQ）、EMSs（青年图式问卷第三版，YSQ-S3）、跨性别者特定生活质量（跨性别生活质量指数，ETLI）、当前抑郁状况（患者健康问卷-8，PHQ-8）以及广泛性焦虑严重程度（广泛性焦虑障碍量表-7，GAD-7）。跨性别者童年逆境经历以及抑郁和广泛性焦虑症状的患病率往往较高，成年期生活质量较低，而出生时被指定为女性（AFAB）的跨性别者往往比出生时被指定为男性（AMAB）的跨性别者更脆弱。总体而言，跨性别者表现出较高水平的EMSs，而AFAB跨性别者往往更关注生活中的消极方面，更努力追求完美，对他人尤其是自己往往更苛刻，并且比AMAB跨性别者更倾向于认为人们应该因犯错而受到严厉惩罚。根据网络分析，图式领域及其EMSs与所有评估的心理病理结果相关，尤其是图式领域 和 似乎与童年逆境经历和成年期生活质量相关。跨性别者似乎经历了高水平的童年逆境，这可能导致EMSs水平升高。EMSs及其图式领域与抑郁和广泛性症状的增加以及较低的生活质量相关。
