Wu Jiamin, Shen Tianhao, Li Suiyi, Wu Yingji, Cai Liping, Xia Changlei
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, College of Material science and Chemistry Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Apr;302:140554. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140554. Epub 2025 Feb 1.
The utilization of transparent wood as a potential composite derived from wood offers numerous advantages, including exceptional mechanical properties, lightweight, low thermal conductivity and immense potential for multifunctionality. Additionally, transparent wood demonstrates commendable performance in both thermal insulation and light transmission management, contributing to the reduction of energy consumption. This makes it an attractive option for buildings and related engineering elements. However, despite the successes achieved to date, further improvement is still required in terms of overall sustainability and functionality to meet the demands of advanced applications. This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the transparent wood preparation process, highlighting the efforts made to improve sustainability through various approaches. These strategies encompass using environmental-friendly chemicals or methods for lignin decolorization, substituting petroleum-based polymers with bio-based alternatives, and increasing the cellulose content through densification techniques. In addition, this paper presents the functionalization aspects of transparent wood such as chromism, heat shielding properties, ultraviolet shielding properties, luminescence, and fire-resistance, as well as its building applications. Finally, the challenges currently encountered in the development and application of transparent wood are discussed with an emphasis on the necessity for additional exploration and advancement in this area.
将透明木材用作源自木材的潜在复合材料具有诸多优点，包括优异的机械性能、轻质、低导热性以及巨大的多功能潜力。此外，透明木材在隔热和光传输管理方面均表现出色，有助于降低能源消耗。这使其成为建筑物及相关工程部件的一个有吸引力的选择。然而，尽管迄今已取得成功，但在整体可持续性和功能性方面仍需进一步改进，以满足先进应用的需求。本文全面总结了透明木材的制备过程，突出了通过各种方法为提高可持续性所做的努力。这些策略包括使用环保化学品或方法进行木质素脱色、用生物基替代品替代石油基聚合物，以及通过致密化技术提高纤维素含量。此外，本文还介绍了透明木材的功能化方面，如变色、隔热性能、紫外线屏蔽性能、发光和耐火性，以及其在建筑中的应用。最后，讨论了目前在透明木材开发和应用中遇到的挑战，强调了在这一领域进行更多探索和进步的必要性。
