Hanly C
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1985 May;173(5):263-81. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198505000-00001.
The author has argued that existential psychology and psychiatry are not consistent with existential philosophy, from which they derive their basic concepts. Existential philosophy treats consciousness as an epistemic and ontological absolute while existential psychology and psychiatry acknowledge the existence of unconscious mental processes. It is not possible to base a viable concept of psychodynamic psychotherapy, the nature of transference, or the efficacy of interpretation upon the radical concept of freedom, which is basic to existential philosophy. If psychiatrists wish to experiment with nonpsychoanalytic dynamic psychologies, then it is the author's opinion that the advancement of knowledge would be better served either by using existentialist concepts and principles consistently or by explicitly altering them in clearly defined ways for stated reasons, or by formulating psychodynamic hypotheses that do not lay claim to any foundation in existential philosophy.
作者认为，存在主义心理学和精神病学与存在主义哲学并不一致，而它们的基本概念正是源自存在主义哲学。存在主义哲学将意识视为一种认识论和本体论上的绝对，而存在主义心理学和精神病学则承认无意识心理过程的存在。基于存在主义哲学的基本概念——激进的自由概念，不可能构建出一个可行的心理动力心理治疗概念、移情的本质或解释的效力。如果精神科医生希望尝试非精神分析的动力心理学，那么作者认为，若要更好地推动知识进步，要么始终如一地运用存在主义概念和原则，要么出于特定原因以明确界定的方式对其进行明确修改，要么提出不宣称以存在主义哲学为任何基础的心理动力假设。
