de Laat Kim
Stratford School of Interaction Design and Business, University of Waterloo, Stratford, ON, Canada.
Work Occup. 2025 Feb;52(1):130-165. doi: 10.1177/07308884231207772. Epub 2023 Oct 23.
Contemporary North American work culture is characterized by experts as one of overwork. Throughout much of the previous century, many parents devoted themselves either to their careers, or to their families. These "competing devotions" served as a cultural model for making sense of the world and alleviated the tension between overwork and family life. Data from interviews with 84 IT workers are used to examine whether devotion to work and family is still experienced as oppositional for working parents. I find that interviewees report feeling devoted both to their families and their careers, which I refer to as dual devotion. Such espousals of dual devotion are facilitated by the use of flexible work policies-remote work and flextime-which enable those with dual devotions to accomplish work-life integration. However, whereas men perceive remote work as allowing them to dedicate more time to childcare, women perceive it as allowing them to dedicate more time to work. These findings advance our understanding of the relationship between gender inequality and the experiential dimensions of work and family time: the practices that enable dual devotions, in particular remote work, help parents maintain an orientation to time that makes overwork more palatable. In either case, workplaces win since women are working long hours and men are not sacrificing paid work hours to take on more childcare or housework.
当代北美工作文化被专家们视为一种过度工作的文化。在上个世纪的大部分时间里,许多父母要么全身心投入到事业中,要么全身心投入到家庭中。这些“相互竞争的投入”成为一种理解世界的文化模式,并缓解了过度工作与家庭生活之间的紧张关系。通过对84名信息技术工作者的访谈数据,来考察在职父母对工作和家庭的投入是否仍然被视为相互对立的。我发现,受访者表示自己既对家庭投入,也对事业投入,我将此称为双重投入。灵活的工作政策——远程工作和弹性工作时间——有助于这种双重投入的形成,这些政策使有双重投入的人能够实现工作与生活的融合。然而,男性认为远程工作使他们能够有更多时间照顾孩子,而女性则认为远程工作使她们能够有更多时间工作。这些发现推进了我们对性别不平等与工作和家庭时间体验维度之间关系的理解:使双重投入成为可能的做法,尤其是远程工作,帮助父母保持一种时间观念,使过度工作变得更容易接受。无论哪种情况,职场都是赢家,因为女性工作时间长,而男性不会为了承担更多育儿或家务而牺牲带薪工作时间。