Pawar Twinkle, Kumar Sunil, Acharya Sourya, Sarode Rajesh, Reddy Harshitha, Parepalli Avinash, Khan Meraj, Alam Javed
Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, CAN.
Cureus. 2025 Jan 1;17(1):e76767. doi: 10.7759/cureus.76767. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Background and aim Patients with chronic liver disease are prone to experiencing electrolyte imbalances as a result of physiological changes caused by cirrhosis. These imbalances have a detrimental effect on prognosis, morbidity, and mortality. This study aimed to assess the serum concentrations of sodium, calcium, and potassium in patients with liver cirrhosis and determine their correlation with disease severity and prognosis. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 patients with liver cirrhosis at the Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIHER) (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India, between December 2020 and November 2022. All patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis, aged 18 years or older, were categorized into three groups: Child-Pugh class A (n = 5), class B (n = 39), and class C (n = 66). Results Our investigation found a notable significant disparity in serum sodium levels across groups A, B, and C, with the Child-Pugh class A group exhibiting the highest median serum sodium levels. The serum sodium < 137 mg/dL group had the highest median model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and there was a statistically significant difference in the MELD score among the three groups. The distribution of serum potassium levels and results exhibited substantial variation across the groups. Conclusion The integration of sodium, potassium, and calcium levels into predictive models is imperative for accurately forecasting in-hospital mortality among patients with cirrhosis. These electrolytes play vital roles in physiological processes, and their inclusion enhances the predictive power of models, providing clinicians with more precise risk assessments. By incorporating these key variables, healthcare professionals can better tailor interventions and optimize patient care strategies, ultimately improving the outcomes for individuals with cirrhosis.
背景与目的 慢性肝病患者由于肝硬化引起的生理变化，容易出现电解质失衡。这些失衡对预后、发病率和死亡率有不利影响。本研究旨在评估肝硬化患者血清钠、钙和钾的浓度，并确定它们与疾病严重程度和预后的相关性。方法 2020年12月至2022年11月期间，在印度马哈拉施特拉邦沃尔哈市达塔梅格高等教育与研究学院（DU）贾瓦哈拉尔尼赫鲁医学院（JNMC）医学系对110例肝硬化患者进行了一项横断面研究。所有确诊为肝硬化、年龄在18岁及以上的患者被分为三组：Child-Pugh A级（n = 5）、B级（n = 39）和C级（n = 66）。结果 我们的调查发现，A、B、C三组血清钠水平存在显著差异，Child-Pugh A级组的血清钠中位数最高。血清钠<137 mg/dL组的终末期肝病模型（MELD）评分中位数最高，三组间MELD评分有统计学显著差异。各组血清钾水平分布及结果差异较大。结论 将钠、钾和钙水平纳入预测模型对于准确预测肝硬化患者的院内死亡率至关重要。这些电解质在生理过程中起着至关重要的作用，将它们纳入可提高模型的预测能力，为临床医生提供更精确的风险评估。通过纳入这些关键变量，医疗保健专业人员可以更好地调整干预措施并优化患者护理策略，最终改善肝硬化患者的预后。
