Clinical and Microbiological Insights Into Burkholderia Infections: A Retrospective Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background Opportunistic pathogens such as and within the genus are significant causes of morbidity and mortality, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Despite their clinical importance, these infections are often underreported in resource-poor settings due to diagnostic challenges. This study investigates the prevalence, clinical profiles, and antibiotic resistance patterns seen in  infections in a tertiary care hospital in India. Methods This retrospective study analyzed 56 hospitalized patients with infections diagnosed between June 2022 and June 2024. Positive cultures were identified using biochemical and morphological criteria. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, as well as antibiotic susceptibility profiles, were reviewed. Statistical analysis included descriptive measures and comparisons between  and . Results The study included 56 patients, predominantly male (66.10%), with a mean age of 50.10 years. Comorbidities such as diabetes (39.30%) and hypertension (35.70%) were common. Blood cultures were the most frequent sample type, yielding positive results, with isolated in 67.60% of cases and in 32.40%. Patients with exhibited a stronger systemic inflammatory response, reflected by significantly elevated procalcitonin levels (p = 0.035) compared to . While C-reactive protein levels were also higher in , the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.066). Both species demonstrated sensitivity to carbapenems and beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors, but notable resistance to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins was observed. showed high resistance to amikacin (41.20%) and cefepime (41.20%) while exhibited resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam (30.8%) and aztreonam (30.80%). Conclusion This study highlights distinct clinical and microbiological characteristics of and with distinct inflammatory markers and resistance patterns that underscore the need for precise diagnostic tools and tailored antibiotic therapy. Carbapenems and beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors remain effective treatment options, but emerging resistance necessitates effective antimicrobial stewardship for combating antimicrobial resistance and ensuring optimal patient outcomes. Further multicentric studies are essential to validate these findings and optimize management strategies for infections.