Gebresilasie Gebresilasie Gebremedhin, Gebreslassie Mulualem G, Gebresemati Mebrahtom
Department of chemical engineering, College of engineering, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, Ethiopia.
Center of Energy, Ethiopian Institute of Technology- Mekelle (EIT-M), Mekelle University, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2025 Jan 17;11(2):e42068. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42068. eCollection 2025 Jan 30.
Biogas is becoming increasingly important as a renewable energy source in the face of global warming and declining fossil fuel reserves. Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion of organic materials which can be available from various wastes such as agro-industrial, human, fruit waste, distillery, animal waste and aquatic plants. This study deals particularly with the comparative potential of biogas production from distillery, fruit and vegetable waste and their mixtures (digestion). The materials used as feed in this research were distillery waste which is dark-colored liquid waste from Desta Alcohol and Liquor Factory Private Limited Company. Fruit and vegetable waste such as banana peels, papaya, mango, tomato, avocado, cabbage leaves, watermelon skin, and orange skin were collected from juice houses and fruit and vegetable wholesale markets in Mekelle City, and Cow manure used as a buffer solution, collected from Desta Alcohol and Liquor Factory PLC. Waste samples were characterized for total solids, volatile solids, pH, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand according to established standards. Biogas was analyzed using a biogas analyzer, an ORSAT apparatus for CO, and a TUTWILER apparatus for HS. Finally, the %CH4 was calculated from 100 % by ignoring other gases. The maximum biogas production from all wastes was observed at 37 °C. Mixture (co-digestion) produced high biogas in litter (L): 6.95, 9.47 and 9.54 at 20 °C, 37 °C and 50 °C respectively. The maximum methane composition was observed from the co-digestion (M) in (%) 67, 70 and 70.3 at 20 °C, 37 °C and 50 °C respectively. Methane yield was calculated at both temperature and substrates (waste). Comparatively, maximum methane yield was observed at 37 °C for distillery waste, fruit vegetable waste and mixture(digestion); 0.032, 0.061 and 0.079 L per gram volatile solids digestion (LCH/gVS) respectively.
面对全球变暖和化石燃料储备减少的情况，沼气作为一种可再生能源正变得越来越重要。沼气是通过有机材料的厌氧消化产生的，这些有机材料可以从各种废物中获取，如农业工业废物、人类废物、水果废物、酿酒厂废物、动物粪便和水生植物。本研究特别关注酿酒厂、水果和蔬菜废物及其混合物（消化）产生沼气的比较潜力。本研究中用作饲料的材料是来自Desta酒精和酒类私人有限公司的深色液体废物——酿酒厂废物。从梅克内斯市的果汁店和水果及蔬菜批发市场收集香蕉皮、木瓜、芒果、番茄、鳄梨、卷心菜叶、西瓜皮和橙皮等水果和蔬菜废物，并从Desta酒精和酒类工厂PLC收集用作缓冲溶液的牛粪。根据既定标准对废物样品的总固体、挥发性固体、pH值、生化需氧量和化学需氧量进行了表征。使用沼气分析仪、用于分析一氧化碳的奥萨特仪器和用于分析硫化氢的图特维勒仪器对沼气进行了分析。最后，通过忽略其他气体，从100%中计算出甲烷的百分比。在37℃时观察到所有废物产生的沼气量最大。混合物（共消化）在不同温度下产生的沼气量较高：在20℃、37℃和50℃时分别为6.95、9.47和9.54升。共消化（M）产生的甲烷组成在20℃、37℃和50℃时分别为67%、70%和70.3%，为最大值。在不同温度和底物（废物）条件下计算了甲烷产量。相比之下，在37℃时，酿酒厂废物、水果和蔬菜废物以及混合物（消化）的甲烷产量最高；分别为每克挥发性固体消化0.032、0.061和0.079升甲烷（LCH/gVS）。
