Li Minzhen, Xia Zhili, Wang Ruiyu, Xi Mingrong, Hou Minmin
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
Front Oncol. 2025 Jan 20;14:1455255. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1455255. eCollection 2024.
Endometrial cancer (EC), one of the most common gynecologic malignancies worldwide, poses a significant burden particularly among young women, with poor treatment outcomes and prognosis for advanced and recurrent patients. Epigenetic changes, encompassing DNA methylation, are involved in the occurrence and progression of tumors and hold promise as effective tools for screening, early diagnosis, treatment strategy, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis analysis. This review provides a comprehensive summary of DNA methylation-based early diagnostic biomarkers in EC, with a focus on recent valuable research findings published in the past two years. The discussion is organized according to sample sources, including cervical scraping, vaginal fluid, urine, blood, and tissue. Additionally, we outline the role of DNA methylation in EC risk assessment, such as carcinogenesis risk, feasibility of fertility preservation approaches, and overall prognosis, aiming to provide personalized treatment decisions for patients. Finally, we review researches on DNA methylation in resistance to first-line treatment of EC and the development of new drugs, and envision the future applications of DNA methylation in EC.
子宫内膜癌（EC）是全球最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤之一，给年轻女性带来了沉重负担，尤其是晚期和复发患者的治疗效果及预后较差。包括DNA甲基化在内的表观遗传变化参与肿瘤的发生和发展，有望成为筛查、早期诊断、治疗策略、疗效评估及预后分析的有效工具。本综述全面总结了基于DNA甲基化的子宫内膜癌早期诊断生物标志物，重点关注过去两年发表的有价值的最新研究成果。讨论按样本来源进行组织，包括宫颈刮片、阴道分泌物、尿液、血液和组织。此外，我们概述了DNA甲基化在子宫内膜癌风险评估中的作用，如致癌风险、保留生育功能方法的可行性及总体预后，旨在为患者提供个性化治疗决策。最后，我们回顾了关于DNA甲基化在子宫内膜癌一线治疗耐药性及新药研发方面的研究，并展望了DNA甲基化在子宫内膜癌中的未来应用。
