Spruijtenburg Gwennyth E, van Abswoude Femke, Platvoet Sebastiaan W J, de Niet Mark, Steenbergen Bert
Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Institute for Studies in Sports and Exercise, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Jan 20;7:1499693. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1499693. eCollection 2025.
Sports participation is important for promoting lifelong health and well-being. However, it often declines during adolescence, highlighting the need to understand the factors related to adolescent sports participation. This prospective study examines the associations between different sources (e.g., family, peers, coaches, teachers) and types (e.g., emotional, instrumental, co-participation) of social support and hours of organized sports participation among secondary school students ( = 294). It also explores whether these associations change from the second to the third year of secondary education.
Data were collected using questionnaires and anthropometric measurements in October/November 2021 and October/November 2022. Multilevel linear fixed effects regression models were used to analyze relationships between sources and types of social support and sports participation. Additionally, scatterplots illustrated individual variability in these associations.
Results showed significant associations for various sources and types of social support with organized sports participation. Social support from teammates and coaches and instrumental support emerged as the strongest predictors of hours of participation. Additionally, we found that the relationships remained stable over time. Yet, substantial individual variability in how social support related to sports participation was also observed.
These findings emphasize the importance to promote social support from within the sports environment and to encourage instrumental support. Tailored approaches addressing individual differences are recommended to enhance adolescent sports participation.
参与体育运动对于促进终身健康和幸福至关重要。然而，在青春期，体育活动参与度往往会下降，这凸显了了解与青少年体育参与相关因素的必要性。这项前瞻性研究调查了不同来源（如家庭、同伴、教练、教师）和不同类型（如情感支持、工具性支持、共同参与）的社会支持与中学生（n = 294）有组织的体育活动参与时长之间的关联。研究还探讨了这些关联在中学教育的第二年到第三年是否会发生变化。
于2021年10月/11月和2022年10月/11月通过问卷调查和人体测量收集数据。使用多层线性固定效应回归模型分析社会支持的来源和类型与体育活动参与之间的关系。此外，散点图展示了这些关联中的个体差异。
结果显示，各种来源和类型的社会支持与有组织的体育活动参与之间存在显著关联。来自队友和教练的社会支持以及工具性支持是参与时长的最强预测因素。此外，我们发现这些关系随时间保持稳定。然而，也观察到社会支持与体育活动参与之间存在很大的个体差异。
这些发现强调了促进体育环境中的社会支持以及鼓励工具性支持的重要性。建议采用针对个体差异的定制方法来提高青少年的体育活动参与度。
