Jiménez-Peinado Ana, Laguna-Muñoz David, Jaén-Moreno María José, Camacho-Rodríguez Cristina, Del Pozo Gloria Isabel, Vieta Eduard, Caballero-Villarraso Javier, Rico-Villademoros Fernando, Sarramea Fernando
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.
Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.
Eur Psychiatry. 2025 Feb 5;68(1):e34. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.13.
Living with major depressive disorder (MDD) reduces life expectancy, with respiratory disease being a significant threat. However, evidence on respiratory disease in this population has not yet been meta-analyzed.
This meta-analysis examines respiratory disease prevalence and odds ratio (OR) in patients with MDD and treatment resistant depression (TRD). A systematic literature search was conducted, with a snowball search of reference and citation lists. Inclusion criteria covered studies in MDD and TRD patients with confirmed diagnoses of respiratory diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], pneumonia, lung cancer, and tuberculosis), comparing with a control group when possible.
From 4,138 retrieved articles, 15 (including 476,927 individuals with MDD, 50,680 with TRD, and 1,108,979 control group) met the inclusion criteria. In MDD patients, COPD prevalence was 9.0% (95% CI: 3.8-19.6%), asthma 8.6% (95% CI: 5.7-12.8%), and pneumonia 2.5% (95% CI: 2.2-2.9%). In TRD patients, COPD prevalence was 9.9% (95% CI: 4.2-21.9%) and asthma 10.9% (95% CI: 10.7-11.2%), but meta-analysis limited to those diseases showed no significant relative risk differences. Compared to the general population, individuals with MDD had significantly higher rates of COPD (OR 1.79, 95% CI: 1.49-2.16), even higher in younger populations (1.85 [95% CI: 1.74-1.97]) and more prevalent in women.
This first meta-analysis on this topic shows that MDD is associated with an increased risk of respiratory illness compared to the general population. The prevalence of asthma doubles the mean described in the general population worldwide, and in COPD, women and younger people are at particular risk. Prevention policies are urgently needed.
患有重度抑郁症（MDD）会缩短预期寿命，呼吸系统疾病是一个重大威胁。然而，关于该人群呼吸系统疾病的证据尚未进行荟萃分析。
这项荟萃分析研究了MDD和难治性抑郁症（TRD）患者的呼吸系统疾病患病率及比值比（OR）。进行了系统的文献检索，并对参考文献和引用列表进行了滚雪球式检索。纳入标准涵盖了确诊患有呼吸系统疾病（哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病[COPD]、肺炎、肺癌和肺结核）的MDD和TRD患者的研究，并尽可能与对照组进行比较。
从检索到的4138篇文章中，有15篇（包括476927名MDD患者、50680名TRD患者和1108979名对照组）符合纳入标准。在MDD患者中，COPD患病率为9.0%（95%CI：3.8 - 19.6%），哮喘患病率为8.6%（95%CI：5.7 - 12.8%），肺炎患病率为2.5%（95%CI：2.2 - 2.9%）。在TRD患者中，COPD患病率为9.9%（95%CI：4.2 - 21.9%），哮喘患病率为10.9%（95%CI：10.7 - 11.2%），但仅限于这些疾病的荟萃分析显示相对风险无显著差异。与普通人群相比，MDD患者的COPD发病率显著更高（OR 1.79，95%CI：1.49 - 2.16），在年轻人群中更高（1.85[95%CI：1.74 - 1.97]），且在女性中更普遍。
关于该主题的首次荟萃分析表明，与普通人群相比，MDD与呼吸系统疾病风险增加有关。哮喘患病率是全球普通人群平均描述患病率的两倍，在COPD方面，女性和年轻人尤其危险。迫切需要预防政策。
