Bullen B A, Skrinar G S, Beitins I Z, von Mering G, Turnbull B A, McArthur J W
N Engl J Med. 1985 May 23;312(21):1349-53. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198505233122103.
We performed a prospective study of 28 initially untrained college women with documented ovulation and luteal adequacy to determine whether strenuous exercise spanning two menstrual cycles would induce menstrual disorders. To ascertain the influence, if any, that weight loss might exert, we randomly assigned the subjects to weight-loss and weight-maintenance groups. Subjects were expected to run 4 miles (6.4 km) per day, progressing to 10 miles (16.1 km) per day by the fifth week, and to engage daily in 31/2 hours of moderate-intensity sports. The normalcy of the menstrual cycles during the period of exercise was judged independently according to clinical and hormonal criteria, the latter comprising serial measurements of gonadotropin and sex-steroid excretion. A higher percentage of abnormalities proved to be detectable by hormonal means (P less than 0.02). Only four subjects (three in the weight-maintenance group) had a normal menstrual cycle during training. In the weight-loss group, the number of women who had luteal abnormalities as compared with those who lost the surge in luteinizing hormone altered significantly over time, the latter occurring more frequently (P less than 0.01) as training progressed. Within six months of termination of the study, all subjects were again experiencing normal menstrual cycles. We conclude that vigorous exercise, particularly if compounded by weight loss, can reversibly disturb reproductive function in women.
我们对28名初潮且黄体功能正常但未经训练的大学女生进行了一项前瞻性研究，以确定持续两个月经周期的剧烈运动是否会导致月经紊乱。为了确定体重减轻是否有影响，我们将受试者随机分为减肥组和体重维持组。受试者预计每天跑4英里（6.4公里），到第五周时增加到每天10英里（16.1公里），并每天进行3.5小时的中等强度运动。根据临床和激素标准独立判断运动期间月经周期的正常情况，后者包括对促性腺激素和性类固醇排泄的系列测量。结果发现，通过激素检测手段能检测出更高比例的异常情况（P<0.02）。训练期间只有4名受试者（体重维持组中的3名）月经周期正常。在减肥组中，随着训练的进行，黄体异常的女性数量与促黄体生成素峰值消失的女性数量相比有显著变化，后者出现得更频繁（P<0.01）。在研究结束后的六个月内，所有受试者的月经周期再次恢复正常。我们得出结论，剧烈运动，尤其是伴有体重减轻时，会可逆地扰乱女性的生殖功能。
